ArticleJournal of pain research2022
Validating the HELP Survey to Understand Health Disparity Influence on Chronic Pain.
Article in Journal of pain research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward hepatitis B-related cirrhosis among patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding temporomandibular joint disorder among patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Acceptability and Feasibility of a Pain and Depressive Symptoms Management Intervention in Middle-Aged and Older African American Women.Innovation in aging · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSocioeconomic deprivation is shown to be linked to chronic lower back pain. However, a comprehensive approach to identify key components contributing to pain outcomes using a biopsychosocial model incorporating social determinants of health is needed to develop and tailor successful strategies for mitigating chronic pain development and persistence. We aimed to develop and validate an instrument (the HELP survey) to assess themes characterized by a combination of social determinants of health and the biopsychosocial model in an underserved population. The HELP survey was developed as part of an observational study determining the influence of health disparities on chronic pain interference, The Neighborhood of Pain: Health Disparity Influence on Level of Chronic Pain Interference study (HELP).
methodsA multidisciplinary group of experts developed the 40-item, 5-domain HELP survey to address Pain Catastrophizing, Pain Motivation, Social Support, Health Care Access, and Physical Environment. After IRB approval, recruitment occurred at an academic pain clinic and emergency department. Survey validation included principal factor analysis, factor loadings of 0.40 or greater, and Cronbach's alpha of 0.70 or greater.
resultsInitial pilot testing occurred in 48 participants, followed by question revision and retesting in 57 patients. The average age was 57 years old. The majority were female (61.9%), self-reported black (55.2%), and had a high school health literacy level of 60.9%. Nearly half of participants (52.4%) lived in a neighborhood of extreme socioeconomic disadvantage and for 43.4% highest educational attainment was high school. Pilot testing resulted in 5 domains with Cronbach's alphas: Pain Catastrophizing (0.82), Patient Motivation (0.80), Social Support (0.56), Health Care Access (0.75), and Physical Environment (0.81).
conclusionPilot study validation of the HELP survey demographic data indicated testing was performed in an underserved chronic pain population, and questions supported measurement of social determinants of health and the biopsychosocial model based on the five themes identified.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.