ArticleNature communications2022
Kastor and Polluks polypeptides encoded by a single gene locus cooperatively regulate VDAC and spermatogenesis.
Article in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Sperm mitochondrial sheath formation - how and why?Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Male specific conserved LncRNA TSCL1 regulated target mRNA translation by interaction with PIWIL1.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Sperm RNA landscape during sexual maturation in Duroc boars.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- The S-depalmitoylase ABHD10 is essential for sperm mitochondrial sheath formation and male fertility.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Glycerol Kinase 2 as a Metabolic Sentinel for Human Sperm Motility and Male Fertility.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- The TEX44-CPT1B axis regulates mitochondrial sheath assembly and fatty acid oxidation in sperm.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Compensation for X-linked Pdha1 silencing by Pdha2 is essential for meiotic double-strand break repair in spermatogenesis.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- lncRNAInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Eukaryotic Microproteins.Annual review of biochemistry · 2025Review
- Aromatase reduces sperm motility by down-regulating the expression of proteins related to ATP synthesis in seminal plasma extracellular vesicles.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Spatial Organization of the Sperm Cell Glycoproteome.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2025Article
- Thousands of oscillating LncRNAs in the mouse testis.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels in Male Reproductive Cells: Players in Healthy Fertility?Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Biochemical targets of the micropeptides encoded by lncRNAs.Non-coding RNA research · 2024Review
- CRL2Oncogene · 2024Article
- CodLncScape Provides a Self-Enriching Framework for the Systematic Collection and Exploration of Coding LncRNAs.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- MORN2 regulates the morphology and energy metabolism of mitochondria and is required for male fertility in mice.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Disruption of testis-enriched cytochrome c oxidase subunit COX6B2 but not COX8C leads to subfertility.Experimental animals · 2024Article
- Microproteins-Discovery, structure, and function.Proteomics · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been shown to encode small polypeptides, those in testis remain largely uncharacterized. Here we identify two sperm-specific polypeptides, Kastor and Polluks, encoded by a single mouse locus (Gm9999) previously annotated as encoding a lncRNA. Both Kastor and Polluks are inserted in the outer mitochondrial membrane and directly interact with voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), despite their different amino acid sequences. Male VDAC3-deficient mice are infertile as a result of reduced sperm motility due to an abnormal mitochondrial sheath in spermatozoa, and deficiency of both Kastor and Polluks also severely impaired male fertility in association with formation of a similarly abnormal mitochondrial sheath. Spermatozoa lacking either Kastor or Polluks partially recapitulate the phenotype of those lacking both. Cooperative function of Kastor and Polluks in regulation of VDAC3 may thus be essential for mitochondrial sheath formation in spermatozoa and for male fertility.
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