ArticleNature communications2022
Bacterial N4-methylcytosine as an epigenetic mark in eukaryotic DNA.
Article in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comprehensive benchmarking of tools for nanopore-based detection of DNA methylation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Long Single-Stranded DNA with Site-Specific Modifications to Enable Single-Base-Resolution Epigenetics.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Prediction of DNA N4-Methylcytosine Sites Based on a Position-Aligned Multi-branch Fusion Network.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Bacterial restriction-modification systems: mechanisms of defense against phage infection.Biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Base-resolution profiling of 5-glyceryl-methylcytosine in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii via deaminase-assisted sequencing.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Article
- Repressive Cytosine Methylation is a Marker of Viral Gene Transfer Across Divergent Eukaryotes.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Article
- Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of DNA Methyltransferase 1 Monovalent Degraders.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Epigenome analysis of an algae-infecting giant virus reveals a unique methylation motif catalogue.PloS one · 2025Article
- Epigenetic control of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis by m4C DNA methylation in a cyanobacterium.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2024Article
- Ultrafast bisulfite sequencing detection of 5-methylcytosine in DNA and RNA.Nature biotechnology · 2024Article
- Annelid methylomes reveal ancestral developmental and aging-associated epigenetic erosion across Bilateria.Genome biology · 2024Article
- Causes and Consequences of Varying Transposable Element Activity: An Evolutionary Perspective.Annual review of genomics and human genetics · 2024Review
- Bdelloid rotifers deploy horizontally acquired biosynthetic genes against a fungal pathogen.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Review
- Exploring motion using geometric morphometrics in microscopic aquatic invertebrates: 'modes' and movement patterns during feeding in a bdelloid rotifer model species.Movement ecology · 2024Article
- Epigenetic marks or not? The discovery of novel DNA modifications in eukaryotes.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Review
- One form and two functions: MBD of SETDB2 is a protein-interacting domain.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2024Article
- Conversion of the CG specific M.MpeI DNA methyltransferase into an enzyme predominantly methylating CCA and CCC sites.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
DNA modifications are used to regulate gene expression and defend against invading genetic elements. In eukaryotes, modifications predominantly involve C5-methylcytosine (5mC) and occasionally N6-methyladenine (6mA), while bacteria frequently use N4-methylcytosine (4mC) in addition to 5mC and 6mA. Here we report that 4mC can serve as an epigenetic mark in eukaryotes. Bdelloid rotifers, tiny freshwater invertebrates with transposon-poor genomes rich in foreign genes, lack canonical eukaryotic C5-methyltransferases for 5mC addition, but encode an amino-methyltransferase, N4CMT, captured from bacteria >60 Mya. N4CMT deposits 4mC at active transposons and certain tandem repeats, and fusion to a chromodomain shapes its "histone-read-DNA-write" architecture recognizing silent chromatin marks. Furthermore, amplification of SETDB1 H3K9me3 histone methyltransferases yields variants preferentially binding 4mC-DNA, suggesting "DNA-read-histone-write" partnership to maintain chromatin-based silencing. Our results show how non-native DNA methyl groups can reshape epigenetic systems to silence transposons and demonstrate the potential of horizontal gene transfer to drive regulatory innovation in eukaryotes.
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