ArticleBMJ open2022
Using cluster analysis to describe phenotypical heterogeneity in extremely preterm infants: a retrospective whole-population study.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Weighted and unweighted comorbidity burden for predicting three-year neurodevelopment in extremely preterm infants: A nationwide cohort study.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Heterogeneous, temporally consistent, and plastic brain development after preterm birth.Nature communications · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo use cluster analysis to identify discrete phenotypic groups of extremely preterm infants.
designSecondary analysis of a retrospective whole population study.
settingAll neonatal units in England between 2014 and 2019.
participantsInfants live-born at less than 28 weeks of gestation and admitted to a neonatal unit.
interventionsK-means cluster analysis was performed with the gestational age, Apgar score at 5 min and duration of mechanical ventilation as input variables. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, discharge on home oxygen, intraventricular haemorrhage, death before discharge from neonatal care.
resultsTen thousand one hundred and ninety-seven infants (53% male) were classified into four clusters: Cluster 1 contained infants with intermediate gestation and duration of ventilation and had an intermediate mortality and incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Cluster 2 contained infants with the highest gestation, a shorter duration of ventilation and the lowest mortality. Cluster 3 contained infants with the lowest Apgar score and highest mortality and incidence of intraventricular haemorrhage. Cluster 4 contained infants with the lowest gestation, longest duration of ventilation and highest incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
conclusionClinical parameters can classify extremely preterm infants into discrete phenotypic groups with differing subsequent neonatal outcomes.
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