Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35227628›Full record

SynthesisPaediatric respiratory reviews2022

Age-related differences in SARS-CoV-2 binding factors: An explanation for reduced susceptibility to severe COVID-19 among children?

Thomas Abrehart, Randy Suryadinata, Conor McCafferty, Jonathan Jacobson, Vera Ignjatovic, Phil Robinson, Nigel W Crawford, Paul Monagle, Kanta Subbarao, Catherine Satzke and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Paediatric respiratory reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Limited transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in schools in Ireland during the 2020-2021 school year.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Thomas AbrehartDepartment of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia. Electronic address: tabrehart@student.unimelb.edu.au.
Randy SuryadinataDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
Conor McCaffertyDepartment of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Haematology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Jonathan JacobsonInfection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Vera IgnjatovicDepartment of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Haematology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Phil RobinsonDepartment of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
Nigel W CrawfordDepartment of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
Paul MonagleDepartment of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Haematology, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Haematology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia.
Kanta SubbaraoWHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Catherine SatzkeDepartment of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Danielle WurzelDepartment of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Royal Children's Hospital · AUMurdoch Children's Research Institute · AUPeter Doherty Institute · AUThe University of Melbourne · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextIn contrast with other respiratory viruses, children infected with SARS-CoV-2 are largely spared from severe COVID-19.

objectivesTo critically assess age-related differences in three host proteins involved in SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) and furin.

methodsWe systematically searched Medline, Embase, and PubMed databases for relevant publications. Studies were eligible if they evaluated ACE2, TMPRSS2 or furin expression, methylation, or protein level in children.

resultsSixteen papers were included. Age-dependent differences in membrane-bound and soluble ACE2 were shown in several studies, with ACE2 expression increasing with age. TMPRSS2 and furin are key proteases involved in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein cleavage. TMPRSS2 expression is increased by circulating androgens and is thus low in pre-pubertal children. Furin has not currently been well researched. LIMITATIONS: High levels of study heterogeneity.

conclusionsLow expression of key host proteins may partially explain the reduced incidence of severe COVID-19 among children, although further research is needed.

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2ChildHumansPeptidyl-Dipeptidase ASpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusPeptidyl-Dipeptidase ASpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2ACE2COVID-19FurinPaediatricSARS-CoV-2TMPRSS2

Identifiers

PMID35227628
PMCPMC8823960
OpenAlexW4210843056

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.