Observational studyBMC infectious diseases2022
Point-of-care urine Gram stain led to narrower-spectrum antimicrobial selection for febrile urinary tract infection in adolescents and adults.
Observational study in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gram staining decipherment using an artificial intelligence-powered smartphone-based application.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Observational
- Article
- A Systematic Literature Review of the Epidemiology of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Review
- Accuracy of classification of urinary Gram-stain findings by a computer-aided diagnosis app compared with microbiology specialists.Journal of medical microbiology · 2025Article
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Point-of-Care Gram Stains in Obstructive Pyelonephritis due to Ureteral Stones.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Determining causal pathogens and inflammatory state of mastitis in dairy cows via Gram staining of precipitates in milk.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Article
- High Yield of Blood Cultures in the Etiologic Diagnosis of Cellulitis, Erysipelas, and Cutaneous Abscess in Elderly Patients.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Can Gram staining be a guiding tool for optimizing initial antimicrobial agents in bacterial infections?Acute medicine & surgeryReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFebrile urinary tract infections (fUTIs), which include pyelonephritis, prostatitis, and urosepsis, are the most common cause of sepsis. However, the treatment has become more complex because of the worldwide increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The objective of this study was to clarify whether point-of-care Gram stain (PCGS) of urine contributed to fUTI diagnosis and treatment in adults.
methodsThis hospital-based observational study was undertaken between January 2013 and March 2015 in Okinawa, Japan. All enrolled patients were adults who had been admitted to the Division of Infectious Diseases with suspected fUTI. The usefulness of PCGS results were compared for urinalysis (U/A) and urine cultures (U/Cs). The targeted therapy type and its susceptibility based on PCGS were analyzed, and each was investigated in two groups: the uncomplicated pyelonephritis group and the complicated pyelonephritis/prostatitis group.
resultsTwo hundred and sixty-six patients were enrolled. The results of PCGS were closely correlated with those of U/A for pyuria and bacteriuria, and moderately correlated with the results of U/C for bacterial types. In the uncomplicated group, narrow-spectrum antimicrobials such as cefotiam were initially selected in 97.9% (47/48) of patients, and their susceptibility was 97.9% (47/48). In the complicated group, the susceptibility was 84.2% (186/221) (p = 0.009) despite frequent AMRs (14.7%; 32/218) and low use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials such as carbapenems (7.7%; 17/221).
conclusionUrine PCGS led to a more precise fUTI diagnosis and prompted clinicians to select narrower-spectrum antibiotics with high susceptibility.
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