Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35226292›Full record

Observational studyIndian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology2022

Profile of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: An experience from a tertiary care center in India.

Balaji Musunuri, Shiran Shetty, Ganesh Bhat, Karthik Udupa, Ananth Pai

Open access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. CEP55: Implications for Immunotherapy and Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025
    Article
  6. Diagnostic Performance of FAPI PET/CT vs.Molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy · 2024
    Article
  7. Biomarker in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Indian journal of surgical oncology · 2024
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Multi-center prospective survey of hepatocellular carcinoma in Kerala: More than 1,200 cases.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2023
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Editorial commentary on the Indian Journal of Gastroenterology-March-April 2022.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2022
    Article
  14. Global Epidemiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Systemic Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India.Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology
    Review
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Balaji MusunuriDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India. balaji.musunuri@manipal.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-2070-9140
Shiran ShettyDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India.
Ganesh BhatDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India.
Karthik UdupaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India.
Ananth PaiDepartment of Medical Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India.
Manipal Academy of Higher Education · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing worldwide and it is now the third most common cause of cancer-related death. HCC is becoming a major health burden with steadily increasing incidence globally.

methodsThis is an observational study over a 3-year period in a tertiary care center in India. Three hundred and thirty-nine patients diagnosed to have HCC were included in this study. Patients' clinical, etiological, radiological and cytohistological data and therapy offered were recorded and analyzed.

resultsCirrhosis of the liver was seen in 73.2% of the patients. 16.8% of patients were asymptomatic at the time of presentation. Ascites (57.2%) and jaundice (22.4%) were the most common signs of hepatic decompensation. The most common etiology of HCC was cryptogenic/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in 51% of the patients, while hepatitis B and C were seen in 17.4% and 5.8% of the patients, respectively. Advanced and end-stage disease with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages C and D were seen in 62.4% of patients. 56.6% had Albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score of 2, while 62.8% had Okuda stage II disease. High alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (>400 ng/mL) were seen in 48.9% of patients. Macrovascular invasion and metastases were seen in 45.9% and 22.2% of the patients, respectively. 17.6% of patients had evidence of tumor thrombus. 14.5% of biopsy specimens showed associated steatosis/steatohepatitis along with confirmation of HCC. Only 26.6% of the cirrhotic HCC patients were diagnosed during surveillance.

conclusionsHCC due to unknown cause/NAFLD appears to be overtaking hepatitis B as the commonest cause for HCC. Despite the advances in diagnostic methods and surveillance, most cases of HCC tend to be diagnosed at advanced stages.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularHepatitis BLiver NeoplasmsNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseHumansLiver CirrhosisTertiary Care CentersBCLC gradingEtiological profileHepatitis BHistocytopathology profileLiver cancer surveillanceNAFLD

Identifiers

PMID35226292
PMCPMC9108108
OpenAlexW4214508788

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.