Adenovirus 5 Vectors Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Proteins.

SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is a recently identified novel coronavirus that is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic that began in 2020. An intense research effort has been undertaken by the research community in order to better understand the molecular etiology of this virus and its mechanisms of host cell subjugation and immune system evasion. To facilitate further research into the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus we have generated adenovirus 5-based viral vectors that express SARS-CoV-2 proteins-S, N, E, NSP7, NSP8, and NSP12 as hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged and untagged variants. We have also engineered two additional viruses that express the S protein receptor binding domain and a fusion of the receptor binding domain to the N protein. We show that these vectors are expressed in several different cell lines by Western blotting and real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase (qRT-PCR), we evaluate the subcellular localization of these viral proteins, and we show that these coronavirus proteins bind to a variety of cellular targets. The flexibility of adenovirus vectors allows them to be used in a variety of cell models and, importantly, in animal models as well.