Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35224658›Full record

ArticlePediatric radiology2022

Autonomous artificial intelligence in pediatric radiology: the use and perception of BoneXpert for bone age assessment.

Hans Henrik Thodberg, Benjamin Thodberg, Joanna Ahlkvist, Amaka C Offiah

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric radiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  8. Bone Age Delay in X-linked Hypophosphatemia.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026
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  11. Automated bone age calculation is an independent predictor of vertebral fracture burden in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025
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  15. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hans Henrik ThodbergVisiana, Hørsholm, Denmark.
Benjamin ThodbergVisiana, Hørsholm, Denmark.
Joanna AhlkvistNyköping Hospital, Nyköping, Sweden.
Amaka C OffiahDepartment of Radiology, Academic Unit of Child Health, University of Sheffield, Damer Street Building, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TH, UK. a.offiah@sheffield.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0001-8991-5036

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) system for bone age rating (BoneXpert) was designed to be used in clinical radiology practice as an AI-replace tool, replacing the radiologist completely.

objectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate how the tool is used in clinical practice. Are radiologists more inclined to use BoneXpert to assist rather than replace themselves, and how much time is saved? MATERIALS AND

methodsWe sent a survey consisting of eight multiple-choice questions to 282 radiologists in departments in Europe already using the software.

resultsThe 97 (34%) respondents came from 18 countries. Their answers revealed that before installing the automated method, 83 (86%) of the respondents took more than 2 min per bone age rating; this fell to 20 (21%) respondents after installation. Only 17/97 (18%) respondents used BoneXpert to completely replace the radiologist; the rest used it to assist radiologists to varying degrees. For instance, 39/97 (40%) never overruled the automated reading, while 9/97 (9%) overruled more than 5% of the automated ratings. The majority 58/97 (60%) of respondents checked the radiographs themselves to exclude features of underlying disease.

conclusionBoneXpert significantly reduces reporting times for bone age determination. However, radiographic analysis involves more than just determining bone age. It also involves identification of abnormalities, and for this reason, radiologists cannot be completely replaced. AI systems originally developed to replace the radiologist might be more suitable as AI assist tools, particularly if they have not been validated to work autonomously, including the ability to omit ratings when the image is outside the range of validity.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceRadiologyAge Determination by SkeletonChildHumansPerceptionRadiographyArtificial intelligenceBone ageChildrenHandMusculoskeletalRadiographyWrist

Identifiers

PMID35224658
PMCPMC9192461

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.