ArticleTobacco prevention & cessation2022
Demographic characteristics associated with awareness of cigarette health warnings and thinking about quitting among current adult cigarette smokers in Zambia, 2017.
Article in Tobacco prevention & cessation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perceived neighborhood built environment and its associations with sociodemographic characteristics among older adults in regional China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Examining the Effectiveness of the 2012 Canadian Graphic Warning Label Policy Change by Sex, Income, and Education.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionNoticing health warnings on cigarette packages has been associated with thinking about quitting. This study examined sociodemographic characteristics associated with awareness of health warnings on cigarette packages and thinking about quitting because of health warning labels among adults who currently smoked tobacco.
methodsWe analyzed data from the 2017 Zambia WHO STEPS survey (STEPwise approach to surveillance) for noncommunicable disease risk factors. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression were performed to assess the association of select sociodemographic characteristics with awareness of health warnings and thinking about quitting because of health warnings.
resultsAdults who currently smoked tobacco who were aged 30-44 years, of Chewa ethnicity, or with a formal education, were more likely to be aware of health warnings than those aged 18-29 years (adjusted prevalence ratio, APR=1.26; 95% CI: 1.02-1.54), of Bemba ethnicity (APR=1.43; 95% CI: 1.17-1.74), or with no formal education (APR: 2.61-5.95). Among all adults who currently smoked, those of Chewa ethnicity (APR=1.55; 95% CI: 1.03-2.35), or with a formal education (APR:1.80-4.38), were more likely to report thinking about quitting because of health warnings than those who were of Bemba ethnicity or with less than primary school education level. Women who currently smoked were 49% less likely (APR=0.51; 95% CI: 0.23-0.84) to report thinking about quitting than men. Among a subset of adults who currently smoked who were aware of health warning labels, no sociodemographic characteristics were significantly associated with thinking about quitting in unadjusted or adjusted models.
conclusionsSociodemographic characteristics such as sex, ethnicity, and education level were significantly associated with awareness of cigarette health warnings. Among cigarette smokers aware of health warnings, no sociodemographic differences in thinking about quitting were found. Tobacco control campaigns may need to target people of ethnicities with the highest smoking prevalence in the country.
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