ReviewGenes & diseases2022
Tumor microenvironment pathways: Cross regulation in breast cancer metastasis.
Review in Genes & diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adjuvant therapies by anthocyanins potentially mitigating drug resistance and metastatic disease risks in stratified breast cancers: the 3PM-conceptual innovation targeted to NF-kappaB/EMT plasticity.The EPMA journal · 2026Article
- Tumor microenvironment and key signaling pathways in breast cancer progression and therapy resistance: A review.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2026Review
- Review
- The involvement of exosomes in the tumorigenicity of breast cancer cell lines through the crosstalk between STAT3, Notch, and Wnt signaling pathways.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Oncology: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Clinical Applications.Cancers · 2025Review
- Role of the Wnt signaling pathway in the complex microenvironment of breast cancer and prospects for therapeutic potential (Review).International journal of oncology · 2025Review
- Nano-drug delivery strategies affecting cancer-associated fibroblasts to reduce tumor metastasis.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Role of Oxidative Stress in the Occurrence, Development, and Treatment of Breast Cancer.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Chemokines: humble yet mighty players in the tumour microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Targeting cancer via macrophage-derived exosomal miRNAs: implications for tumor progression and resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Role ofMolecular biology research communications · 2025Article
- Review
- The development of the occurrence and metastasis of breast cancer by single-cell sequencing.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Interplay between Wnt signaling molecules and exosomal miRNAs in breast cancer (Review).Oncology reports · 2024Review
- Review
- Prognostic biomarker NRG2 correlates with autophagy and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Unlocking hidden potential: advancements, approaches, and obstacles in repurposing drugs for cancer therapy.British journal of cancer · 2024Review
- Editorial: Inflammatory tumor microenvironment: role of cytokines and virokines in breast cancer progression and metastasis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Coptisine enhances the sensitivity of chemoresistant breast cancer cells by inhibiting the function and expression of ABC transporters.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Research progress on and molecular mechanism of vacuum sealing drainage in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.Frontiers in surgery · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is heterogeneous and contains a multiple cell population with surrounded immune cells, which plays a major role in regulating metastasis. The multifunctional pathways, Hedgehog (Hh), Wnt, Notch, and NF-kB, cross-regulates metastasis in breast cancer. This review presents substantial evidence for cross-regulation of TME components and signaling pathways, which makes breast TME more heterogeneous and complex, promoting breast cancer progression and metastasis as a highly aggressive form. We discoursed the importance of stromal and immune cells as well as their crosstalk in bridging the metastasis. We also discussed the role of Hh and Notch pathways in the intervention between breast cancer cells and macrophages to support TME; Notch signaling in the bidirectional communication between cancer cells and components of TME; Wnt signal pathway in controlling the factors responsible for EMT and NF-κB pathway in the regulation of genes controlling the inflammatory response. We also present the role of exosomes and their miRNAs in the cross-regulation of TME cells as well as pathways in the reprogramming of breast TME to support metastasis. Finally, we examined and discussed the targeted small molecule inhibitors and natural compounds targeting developmental pathways and proposed small molecule natural compounds as potential therapeutics of TME based on the multitargeting ability. In conclusion, the understanding of the molecular basis of the cross-regulation of TME pathways and their inhibitors helps identify molecular targets for rational drug discovery to treat breast cancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.