ArticleFrontiers in psychology2022
Local Prefrontal Cortex TMS-Induced Reactivity Is Related to Working Memory and Reasoning in Middle-Aged Adults.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in the associations between lifestyle, intestinal permeability and brain health in middle-aged adults.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Plasticity-Induced Motor Recovery of Bilateral Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled, Crossover Trial.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Effects of Cerebellar Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation at Different Frequencies on Working Memory: An EEG Study.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Neuroimaging and serum biomarkers of neurodegeneration and neuroplasticity in Parkinson's disease patients treated by intermittent theta-burst stimulation over the bilateral primary motor area: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, crossover trial study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Investigating the application of "Guttmann Cognitest"Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Prefrontal reactivity to TMS perturbation as a toy model of mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.Heliyon · 2022Article
- Long-interval intracortical inhibition in primary motor cortex related to working memory in middle-aged adults.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- "Guttmann Cognitest"Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Neurophysiological markers of disease severity and cognitive dysfunction in major depressive disorder: A TMS-EEG study.International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHPArticle
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a crucial role in cognition, particularly in executive functions. Cortical reactivity measured with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation combined with Electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is altered in pathological conditions, and it may also be a marker of cognitive status in middle-aged adults. In this study, we investigated the associations between cognitive measures and TMS evoked EEG reactivity and explored whether the effects of this relationship were related to neurofilament light chain levels (NfL), a marker of neuroaxonal damage.
methodsFifty two healthy middle-aged adults (41-65 years) from the Barcelona Brain Health Initiative cohort underwent TMS-EEG, a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, and a blood test for NfL levels. Global and Local Mean-Field Power (GMFP/LMFP), two measures of cortical reactivity, were quantified after left prefrontal cortex (L-PFC) stimulation, and cognition was set as the outcome of the regression analysis. The left inferior parietal lobe (L-IPL) was used as a control stimulation condition.
resultsLocal reactivity was significantly associated with working memory and reasoning only after L-PFC stimulation. No associations were found between NfL and cognition. These specific associations were independent of the status of neuroaxonal damage indexed by the NfL biomarker and remained after adjusting for age, biological sex, and education.
conclusionOur results demonstrate that TMS evoked EEG reactivity at the L-PFC, but not the L-IPL, is related to the cognitive status of middle-aged individuals and independent of NfL levels, and may become a valuable biomarker of frontal lobe-associated cognitive function.
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