ArticleJournal of the American Medical Directors Association2022
Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Age, and Frailty Are Associated With 6-Month Vaccine-Induced Anti-Spike Antibody Titer in Nursing Home Residents.
Article in Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal humoral and memory B-cell responses to repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in long-term care facilities residents.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection incidence, risk factors, and antibody correlates in Belgian nursing homes residents and staff (2021-2022).Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Contrasting effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination vs. infection on antibody and TCR repertoires.PloS one · 2026Article
- Observational
- Contrasting Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination vs. Infection on Antibody and TCR Repertoires.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Immune response kinetics to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination among nursing home residents-Georgia, October 2020-July 2022.PloS one · 2024Observational
- Article
- Humoral immunogenicity assessment after receiving three types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Kinetics of COVID-19 mRNA primary and booster vaccine-associated neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in long-term care facility residents: a prospective longitudinal study in Japan.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2023Article
- Vaccines for the Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Older Adults.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2023Review
- T-Cell Mediated Response after Primary and Booster SARS-CoV-2 Messenger RNA Vaccination in Nursing Home Residents.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2023Article
- Frailty impacts immune responses to Moderna COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in older adults.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2023Article
- Review
- Age-adjusted impact of prior COVID-19 on SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine response.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Evolution of antibody profiles against SARS-CoV-2 in experienced and naïve vaccinated elderly people.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Observational
- Two Years with COVID-19: The Electronic Frailty Index Identifies High-Risk Patients in the Stockholm GeroCovid Study.Gerontology · 2023Article
- Multimorbidity and Frailty Are the Key Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection during Delta Variant Predominance in Italy: A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Epidemiological and Serological Analysis of a SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in a Nursing Home: Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Enhanced Neutralizing Immunity Following Breakthrough Infection.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Managing the Impact of COVID-19 in Nursing Homes and Long-Term Care Facilities: An Update.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesOlder nursing home residents make up the population at greatest risk of morbidity and mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. No studies have examined the determinants of long-term antibody responses post vaccination in this group.
designLongitudinal cohort study. SETTING AND
participantsResidents from 5 nursing homes assessed before vaccination, and 5 weeks and 6 months post vaccination, with the BNT162b2 messenger RNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
methodsComprehensive clinical assessment was performed, including assessment for comorbidity, frailty, and SARS-CoV-2 infection history. Serum nucleocapsid and anti-spike receptor binding domain (RBD) antibodies were analyzed at all timepoints. An in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptor-spike RBD neutralization assay assessed serum neutralization capacity.
resultsOf 86 participants (81.1 ± 10.8 years; 65% female), just under half (45.4%; 39 of 86) had evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. All participants demonstrated a significant antibody response to vaccination at 5 weeks and a significant decline in this response by 6 months. SARS-CoV-2 infection history was the strongest predictor of antibody titer (log-transformed) at both 5 weeks [β: 3.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.32-3.70; P < .001] and 6 months (β: 3.59; 95% CI: 2.89-4.28; P < .001). Independent of SARS-CoV-2 infection history, both age in years (β: -0.05; 95% CI: -0.08 to -0.02; P < .001) and frailty (β: -0.22; 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.11; P < .001) were associated with a significantly lower antibody titer at 6 months. Anti-spike antibody titers at both 5 weeks and 6 months significantly correlated with in vitro neutralization capacity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: In older nursing home residents, SARS-CoV-2 infection history was the strongest predictor of anti-spike antibody titers at 6 months, whereas age and frailty were independently associated with lower titers at 6 months. Antibody titers significantly correlated with in vitro neutralization capacity. Although older SARS-CoV-2 naïve nursing home residents may be particularly vulnerable to breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection, the relationship between antibody titers, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and clinical outcomes remains to be fully elucidated in this vulnerable population.
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