Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35218949›Full record

ArticleJournal of sport and health science2023

Impact loading in female runners with single and multiple bone stress injuries during fresh and exerted conditions.

Kristin L Popp, Jereme Outerleys, Sarah Gehman, Margaret Garrahan, Sara Rudolph, Elizabeth Loranger, Kathryn E Ackerman, Adam S Tenforde, Mary L Bouxsein, Irene S Davis

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of sport and health science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Kristin L PoppMilitary Performance Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760, USA; Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 , USA. Electronic address: kpopp@mgh.harvard.edu.
Jereme OuterleysDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Sarah GehmanEndocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 , USA.
Margaret GarrahanEndocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 , USA.
Sara RudolphEndocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 , USA.
Elizabeth LorangerEndocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 , USA.
Kathryn E AckermanEndocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 , USA; Department of Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Adam S TenfordeDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Mary L BouxseinEndocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 , USA; Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Irene S DavisDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Harvard University · USMassachusetts General Hospital · USBoston Children's Hospital · USSpaulding Rehabilitation Hospital · US

Funding

X-Treme CT Equipment GrantS10RR023405 · NCRR · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI FINKELSTEIN, JOEL S · 2007 to 2007
$380k
NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR023405
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBone stress injuries (BSIs) are common in female runners, and recurrent BSI rates are high. Previous work suggests an association between higher impact loading during running and tibial BSI. However, it is unknown whether impact loading and fatigue-related loading changes discriminate women with a history of multiple BSIs. This study compared impact variables at the beginning of a treadmill run to exertion and the changes in those variables with exertion among female runners with no history of BSI as well as among those with a history of single or multiple BSIs.

methodsWe enrolled 45 female runners (aged 18-40 years) for this cross-sectional study: having no history of diagnosed lower extremity BSI (N-BSI, n = 14); a history of 1 lower extremity BSI (1-BSI, n = 16); and diagnosed by imaging, or a history of multiple (≥3) lower extremity BSIs (M-BSI, n = 15). Participants completed a 5-km race speed run on an instrumented treadmill while wearing an Inertial Measurement Unit. The vertical average loading rate (VALR), vertical instantaneous loading rate (VILR), vertical stiffness during impact via instrumented treadmill, and tibial shock determined as the peak positive tibial acceleration via Inertial Measurement Unit were measured at the beginning and the end of the run.

resultsThere were no differences between groups in VALR, VILR, vertical stiffness, or tibial shock in a fresh or exerted condition. However, compared to N-BSI, women with M-BSI had greater increase with exertion in VALR (-1.8% vs. 6.1%, p = 0.01) and VILR (1.5% vs. 4.8%, p = 0.03). Similarly, compared to N-BSI, vertical stiffness increased more with exertion among women with M-BSI (-0.9% vs. 7.3%, p = 0.006) and 1-BSI (-0.9% vs. 1.8%, p = 0.05). Finally, compared to N-BSI, the increase in tibial shock from fresh to exerted condition was greater among women with M-BSI (0.9% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.03) and 1-BSI (0.9% vs. 11.2%, p = 0.02).

conclusionWomen with 1-BSI or M-BSIs experience greater exertion-related increases in impact loading than women with N-BSI. These observations imply that exertion-related changes in gait biomechanics may contribute to risk of BSI.

Indexed as

Lower ExtremityRunningBiomechanical PhenomenaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGaitHumansBiomechanicsBone stress injuriesFatigueRunnersStress fracture

Identifiers

PMID35218949
PMCPMC10199138
OpenAlexW4213412358

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.