ArticleBMJ open2022
Educational status and COVID-19 related outcomes in India: hospital-based cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Excess mortality and associated sociodemographic factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in rural Pune Maharashtra, India: a retrospective data analysis from the Vadu health and demographic surveillance system.Population health metrics · 2026Review
- An analysis of COVID-19 mortality regarding all Austrian political districts.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Article
- Causal effects of education, intelligence, and income on COVID-19: evidence from a Mendelian randomization study.Human genomics · 2025Article
- Acute and long COVID-19 symptoms and associated factors in the omicron-dominant period: a nationwide survey via the online platform Wenjuanxing in China.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Observational
- Inequalities in healthcare use during the COVID-19 pandemic.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Vaccination Can Prevent Severe Pulmonary Disease in COVID-19 Positive Patients: A Case-Control Study.Cureus · 2023Article
- Preparing Cities for Future Pandemics: Unraveling the Influence of Urban and Housing Variables on COVID-19 Incidence in Santiago de Chile.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Biomarkers and outcomes in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a prospective registry.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in COVID-19: A hospital-based study in India.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Spatial mapping and socio-demographic determinants of COVID-19 mortality in India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAssociation of educational status, as marker of socioeconomic status, with COVID-19 outcomes has not been well studied. We performed a hospital-based cross-sectional study to determine its association with outcomes.
methodsSuccessive patients of COVID-19 presenting at government hospital were recruited. Demographic and clinical details were obtained at admission, and in-hospital outcomes were assessed. Cohort was classified according to self-reported educational status into group 1: illiterate or ≤primary; group 2: higher secondary; and group 3: some college. To compare intergroup outcomes, we performed logistic regression.
results4645 patients (men 3386, women 1259) with confirmed COVID-19 were recruited. Mean age was 46±18 years, most lived in large households and 30.5% had low educational status. Smoking or tobacco use was in 29.5%, comorbidities in 28.6% and low oxygen concentration (SpO
conclusionLow educational status patients with COVID-19 in India have significantly greater adverse in-hospital outcomes and mortality. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: REF/2020/06/034036.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.