ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Natural NADH and FAD Autofluorescence as Label-Free Biomarkers for Discriminating Subtypes and Functional States of Immune Cells.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Illuminating Immunity: A Systematic Review of Immune Cell Autofluorescence.Journal of biophotonics · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of surgical resection on tissue autofluorescence lifetime signatures in head and neck cancer: implications for intraoperative tumor margin assessment.Journal of biomedical optics · 2026Article
- Autofluorescence lifetime imaging resolves cell heterogeneity within peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Biophotonics discovery · 2026Article
- In vitro modeling of inflammatory bowel diseases using a newly developed immunocompetent colon epithelial monolayer co-culture model.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Article
- Autofluorescence imaging reveals the impact of cryopreservation on T cell metabolism and activation response.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Redox index and capacity analysis (RICA) reveals NAD biology changes in T cell responses in vitro and ex vivo.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Cell-MICS: Detecting Immune Cells With Label-Free Two-Photon Autofluorescence and Deep Learning.Journal of biophotonics · 2026Article
- Autofluorescence lifetime imaging resolves cell heterogeneity within peripheral blood mononuclear cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Quantifying photothrombotic ischemic volume in the intact brain using light sheet microscopy.Neurophotonics · 2026Article
- Autofluorescence imaging reveals the impact of cryopreservation on T cell metabolism and activation response.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Light and metabolism: label-free optical imaging of metabolic activities in biological systems [Invited].Biomedical optics express · 2025Review
- Multispectral autofluorescence for label free classification of immune cell type and activation/polarization status.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Autofluorescence lifetime imaging classifies human B and NK cell activation state.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- A Redox-Shifted Fibroblast Subpopulation Emerges in the Fibrotic Lung.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2024Article
- Imaging the eye as a window to brain health: frontier approaches and future directions.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Metabolic profiling of single cells by exploiting NADH and FAD fluorescence via flow cytometry.Molecular metabolism · 2024Article
- A smartphone-based approach for comprehensive soil microbiome profiling.Applied physics reviews · 2024Article
- Imaging immunometabolismImmunometabolism (Cobham, Surrey) · 2024Article
- Solving the Puzzle: Molecular Research in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immune cell activity is a major factor for disease progression in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Classifying the type and functional state of immune cells is therefore crucial in clinical diagnostics of IBD. Label-free optical technologies exploiting NADH and FAD autofluorescence, such as multiphoton microscopy, have been used to describe tissue morphology in healthy and inflamed colon samples. Nevertheless, a strategy for the identification of single immune cell subtypes within the tissue is yet to be developed. This work aims to initiate an understanding of autofluorescence changes depending on immune cell type and activation state. For this, NADH and FAD autofluorescence signals of different murine immune cell subtypes under native conditions, as well as upon in vitro stimulation and cell death, have been evaluated. Autofluorescence was assessed using flow cytometry and multiphoton microscopy. Our results reveal significantly increased NADH and FAD signals in innate immune cells compared to adaptive immune cells. This allowed identification of relative amounts of neutrophils and CD4+ T cells in mixed cell suspensions, by using NADH signals as a differentiation marker. Furthermore, in vitro stimulation significantly increased NADH and FAD autofluorescence in adaptive immune cells and macrophages. Cell death induced a significant drop in NADH autofluorescence, while FAD signals were hardly affected. Taken together, these results demonstrate the value of autofluorescence as a tool to characterize immune cells in different functional states, paving the way to the label-free clinical classification of IBD in the future.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.