ArticleViruses2022
Naïve Human Macrophages Are Refractory to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Exhibit a Modest Inflammatory Response Early in Infection.
Article in Viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative innate immune responses across major RNA and DNA viral infections: Mechanisms, immunopathology, and therapeutic perspectives.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Efferocytosis of apoptotic bodies drives SARS-CoV-2 infection and macrophage inflammation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Excitability as a design principle in the immune system.Science advances · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV2 infection in whole lung primarily targets macrophages that display subset-specific responses.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Immediate myeloid depot for SARS-CoV-2 in the human lung.Science advances · 2024Article
- Pharmacological targeting of the hyper-inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice using a cluster of differentiation 36 receptor modulator.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Proinflammatory Responses in SARS-CoV-2 and Soluble Spike Glycoprotein S1 Subunit Activated Human Macrophages.Viruses · 2023Article
- Association between Microorganisms and Microplastics: How Does It Change the Host-Pathogen Interaction and Subsequent Immune Response?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Unconventional secretion of unglycosylated ORF8 is critical for the cytokine storm during SARS-CoV-2 infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Review
- Anti-nucleocapsid antibodies enhance the production of IL-6 induced by SARS-CoV-2 N protein.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The interplay between the airway epithelium and tissue macrophages during the SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Involvement of macrophages in the SARS-CoV-2-associated cytokine storm, the excessive secretion of inflammatory/anti-viral factors leading to the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19 patients, is unclear. In this study, we sought to characterize the interplay between the virus and primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). MDM were stimulated with recombinant IFN-α and/or infected with either live or UV-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 or with two reassortant influenza viruses containing external genes from the H1N1 PR8 strain and heterologous internal genes from a highly pathogenic avian H5N1 or a low pathogenic human seasonal H1N1 strain. Virus replication was monitored by qRT-PCR for the
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.