ArticlePolymers2022
The Influence of Circadian Rhythm on Cancer Cells Targeting and Transfection Efficiency of a Polycation-Drug/Gene Delivery Vector.
Article in Polymers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Potential of Chronotherapy and Nanotherapy-Based Strategies for Glioblastoma Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Nanomaterial-enabled drug delivery systems for circadian medicine: bridging direct rhythm modulation and chronotherapy.RSC advances · 2025Review
- The Role of Biological Rhythms in New Drug Formulations to Cross the Brain Barriers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A Potential Effect of Circadian Rhythm in the Delivery/Therapeutic Performance of Paclitaxel-Dendrimer Nanosystems.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The conception of novel anticancer delivery systems and the combination of chronobiology with nanotechnology may provide a powerful tool to optimize cancer therapy. In this work, polyethylenimine (PEI) has been used to complex p53 encoded plasmid DNA (pDNA), and the anticancer drug methotrexate (MTX) has also been loaded into the vectors. To investigate the influence of circadian clock on drug/gene delivery efficiency, HeLa, C33A and fibroblast cells have been transfected with developed PEI/pDNA/MTX delivery vectors at six different time points. Phenomena as the cellular uptake/internalization, drug/gene delivery and p53 protein production have been evaluated. The cell-associated MTX fluorescence have been monitored, and p53 protein levels quantified. In HeLa and C33A cancer cells, significant levels of MTX were found for T8 and T12. For these time points, a high amount of p53 protein was quantified. Confocal microscopy images showed successful HeLa cell's uptake of PEI/pDNA/MTX particles, at T8. In comparison, poor levels of MTX and p53 protein were found in fibroblasts; nevertheless, results indicated rhythmicity. Data demonstrate the influence of circadian rhythm on both cancer-cells targeting ability and transfection performance of PEI/pDNA/MTX carriers and seemed to provide the optimum time for drug/gene delivery. This report adds a great contribution to the field of cancer chronobiology, highlighting the relationship between circadian rhythm and nanodelivery systems, and charting the path for further research on a, yet, poorly explored but promising topic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.