ReviewVaccines2022
Response to Vaccines in Patients with Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: A Narrative Review.
Review in Vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Humoral immune response to polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine in healthy participants receiving efgartigimod: a randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase 1 trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- COVID-19 Vaccine-triggered Relapsing Immune Dysregulation: An Observational Study with Four-year Follow-up.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the efficacy of various hepatitis B dosage regimens in spondyloarthritis patients undergoing immunomodulatory treatment.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Divergent effects of a Treg-selective IL-2 mutein on influenza-specific T cell responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Reduced vaccine-induced germinal center outputs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with anti-TNF biologics.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Divergent effects of a Treg-selective IL-2 mutein on Influenza specific T cell responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Stable SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels and functionality in serum and COVID-19 convalescent plasma after long-term storage.Vox sanguinis · 2025Article
- Potential impact of European Medicines Agency measures to minimize risk of serious side effects on JAKi prescribing and utilization in the UK.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Infection Risk and Vaccination in the Management of Psoriasis: Considerations for Biologic Therapy.Psoriasis (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Article
- Immunity in digestive diseases: new drugs for inflammatory bowel disease treatment-insights from Phase II and III trials.Journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Recent clinical evidence on nutrition, novel pharmacotherapy, and vaccination in inflammatory bowel diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Vaccination in the Era of Immunosuppression.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Diminished responses to mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis on immune-modifying therapies.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID19 vaccination across eight immune-mediated inflammatory disorders: A prospective, real-life Belgian cohort study - the BELCOMID study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Observational
- SARS-CoV-2 infection risk is higher in vaccinated patients with inflammatory autoimmune diseases or liver transplantation treated with mycophenolate due to an impaired antiviral immune response: results of the extended follow up of the RIVALSA prospective cohort.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Observational
- COVID-19 in children and adolescents with neuroimmunological disorders.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2023Article
- [SARS-CoV-2 antibody response to the second COVID-19 vaccination in neuromuscular disease patients under immune modulating treatment].Der Nervenarzt · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, are at increased risk of infection. International guidelines recommend vaccination to limit this risk of infection, although live attenuated vaccines are contraindicated once immunosuppressive therapy has begun. Biologic therapies used to treat IMIDs target the immune system to stop chronic pathogenic process but may also attenuate the protective immune response to vaccines. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding vaccine responses in IMID patients receiving treatment with biologic therapies, with a focus on the interleukin (IL)-12/23 inhibitors. B cell-depleting therapies, such as rituximab, strongly impair vaccines immunogenicity, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors and the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) fusion protein abatacept are also associated with attenuated antibody responses, which are further diminished in patients taking concomitant immunosuppressants. On the other hand, integrin, IL-6, IL-12/23, IL-17, and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) inhibitors do not appear to affect the immune response to several vaccines evaluated. Importantly, treatment with biologic therapies in IMID patients is not associated with an increased risk of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or developing severe disease. However, the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on IMID patients may be reduced compared with healthy individuals. The impact of biologic therapies on the response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines seems to replicate what has been described for other vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination appears to be safe and well tolerated in IMID patients. Attenuated but, in general, still protective responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the context of certain therapies warrant current recommendations for a third primary dose in IMID patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.