Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35213405›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of gastroenterology2022

Rural-Urban Disparities in Mortality From Cirrhosis in the United States From 1999 to 2019.

Nneka N Ufere, Rachel E Patzer, Dio Kavalieratos, Jeremy Louissaint, Alyson Kaplan, Sarah H Cross

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. The Affordable Care Act Improves Access, Survival, and Racial Disparities of Patients With Liver Disease: A Systematic Review.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Nneka N UfereDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8255-9374
Rachel E PatzerEmory Health Services Research Center, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Dio KavalieratosDivision of Palliative Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Jeremy LouissaintCenter for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Alyson KaplanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Sarah H CrossDivision of Palliative Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Funding

NIDDK NIH HHS L30 DK126237
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWe examined trends in rural-urban cirrhosis mortality disparities in the United States from decedents aged 25 years and older from 1999 to 2019.

methodsWe calculated cirrhosis age-adjusted mortality rates across 3 population categories: large metropolitan (≥1 million), medium/small metropolitan (50,000-999,999), and rural (<50,000) areas using the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research database.

resultsWe found an almost 20-fold increase in the absolute difference in cirrhosis age-adjusted mortality rates between rural and large metropolitan areas between 1999 and 2019. DISCUSSION: Future research is needed to investigate reasons for this widening rural-urban disparity to improve rural cirrhosis care.

Indexed as

Liver CirrhosisRural PopulationHumansUnited StatesUrban Population

Identifiers

PMID35213405
PMCPMC11829211

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.