ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2022
Free Triiodothyronine and Free Triiodothyronine to Free Thyroxine Ratio Predict All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers.
Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- A preliminary study on the combined assessment of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and thyroid function for predicting diabetic foot risk and amputation in type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Association between triglyceride glucose index and severity of diabetic foot ulcers in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2023Observational
- J-shaped association of free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine ratio with 5-year mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study.International urology and nephrology · 2023Article
- Lower serum FT3 within the reference range is associated with mortality for older adults over 80 years of age with sarcopenia.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- The Metabolic Characteristics of Patients at the Risk for Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Comparative Study of Diabetic Patients with and without Diabetic Foot.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Low FT3/FT4 Ratio Is Linked to Poor Prognosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Euthyroid Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Impact of red cell distribution width and red cell distribution width/albumin ratio on all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and foot ulcers: a retrospective cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Article
- Free triiodothyronine levels and age influences the metabolic profile and COVID-19 severity parameters in euthyroid and levothyroxine-treated patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
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8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
purposeFree triiodothyronine (FT3) and FT3/free thyroxine (FT4) ratio have been associated with mortality in various diseases. However, no study to date has identified a link between FT3, FT3/FT4 ratio and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). This study aimed to investigate this relationship.
methodsThis retrospective cohort study included 726 patients diagnosed with DFUs in a public hospital from January 2015 to October 2019. Patients were classified by the optimal cut-off values of the FT3 and FT3/FT4 ratio, respectively. The association of FT3 and FT3/FT4 ratio with all-cause mortality was evaluated in a multivariable cox regression model. Directed acyclic graphs were used to assess the minimally sufficient sets of confounding variables.
resultsLog rank tests indicated that patients with low FT3 and FT3/FT4 ratio had lower overall survival rates (all p < 0.001). The adjusted HRs for all-cause mortality were 0.48 (95% CI: 0.32-0.73, P = 0.001) when comparing high versus low FT3 and 0.47 (95% CI: 0.32-0.70, P < 0.001) when comparing high versus low FT3/FT4 ratio. Subgroup analyses showed that these associations existed only in elderly patients (≥65 years) and women, after adjustment. In men, only high FT3/FT4 ratio was associated with low all-cause mortality, after adjustment.
conclusionRoutine assessment of FT3 and FT3/FT4 ratio may be a simple and effective way to identify high-risk patients with DFUs, especially in elderly patients and women.
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