Trial reportScientific reports2022
Smoking during pregnancy is associated with child overweight independent of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and genetic predisposition to adiposity.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early Childhood Obesity: Multifactorial Influences with a Prominent Familial ContributionJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2026Article
- Association of cord blood mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy and copy number with childhood overweight or obesity.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Other Health Aspects Before and During Pregnancy - Recommendations by the Nationwide "Healthy Start Network" (Netzwerk Gesund ins Leben) 2026.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2026Article
- Longitudinal prediction of BMI using explainable AI: integrating polygenic scores, maternal, early-life and familial factors.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Observational
- Body mass index trajectories from birth to adolescence and associated factors in the PARIS cohort.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Article
- A novel hypothesis on the relationship between maternal education and obesity in children; the mediating role of maternal and child self-control-ABIS a population-based cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Newborn DNA methylation age differentiates long-term weight trajectories: the Boston Birth Cohort.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- "Smoking during pregnancy - Perinatal outcomes, financial implications, and tobacco treatment services".Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Overweight or obesity in children born after assisted reproductive technologies in Denmark: A population-based cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2023Article
- Analysis of the Influence of Pre-Pregnancy BMI and Weight Gain during Pregnancy on the Weight of Healthy Children during the First 2 Years of Life: A Prospective Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Developmental origins of disease highlight the immediate need for expanded access to comprehensive prenatal care.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
High maternal body mass index (BMI) and smoking during pregnancy are risk factors for child overweight. Maternal smoking tends to reduce her BMI and the association of smoking with child overweight may be confounded by or interacting with maternal genetic predisposition to adiposity. In the Danish National Birth Cohort, we investigated whether smoking during pregnancy is associated with child BMI/overweight independent of pre-pregnancy BMI and maternal genetic predisposition to adiposity estimated as total, transmitted and non-transmitted genetic risk scores (GRSs) based on 941 common genetic variants associated with BMI. Smoking during pregnancy was associated with higher child BMI and higher odds of child overweight in a dose-response relationship. The odds ratio (95% CI) for smoking 11 + cigarettes in third trimester versus no smoking was 2.42 (1.30; 4.50), irrespective of maternal BMI and maternal GRSs (total, transmitted or non-transmitted). There were no statistically significant interactions between maternal GRSs and smoking (all p-values for interactions > 0.05). In conclusion, in this study, smoking during pregnancy exhibits a dose-response association with increased child BMI/overweight, independent of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal transmitted, and non-transmitted genetic predisposition to adiposity. Avoidance of smoking during pregnancy may help prevent childhood obesity irrespective of the mother-child genetic predisposition.
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