ArticleNature communications2022
Identification of distinct cytotoxic granules as the origin of supramolecular attack particles in T lymphocytes.
Article in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunomodulatory role and therapeutic potential of thrombospondin-1 during infectious diseases and autoimmunity.BMC biology · 2026Review
- Lytic IFNγ is stored in cytotoxic granules and coreleased with granzyme B to mediate cytotoxic T lymphocyte killing.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- Targeting organelle function in T cells for cancer immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- T-Cell-Derived Exosomes From Multi Core Granules Exhibit Superior Caspase-3-Mediated Tumor-Suppressive Activity Compared to Those From Multivesicular Bodies.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Disrupting membranes, controlling cell fate: the role of pore-forming proteins in cell death and therapy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Review
- Physiological, molecular and histological response of Pentodon bispinosus larvae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) as a novel bioindicator for soil pollutants.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Immunological synapse: structures, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications in disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Expression and localization of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1- and perforin-based hybrid molecules in the murine cytotoxic T cell line CTLL-2.Cytotechnology · 2025Article
- Highly adaptable deep-learning platform for automated detection and analysis of vesicle exocytosis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- IFT20 regulates TFEB-dependent lytic granule biogenesis in cytotoxic T lymphocytes by orchestrating the MPR-dependent transport of granzyme B.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Unleashing the potential of extracellular vesicles for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease therapy.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Activation-induced thrombospondin-4 works with thrombospondin-1 to build cytotoxic supramolecular attack particles.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Harnessing extracellular vesicle-mediated crosstalk between T cells and cancer cells for therapeutic applications.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Review
- ATLAS-seq: a microfluidic single-cell TCR screen for antigen-reactive TCRs.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Exploring the Role of Cellular Interactions in the Colorectal Cancer Microenvironment.Journal of immunology research · 2025Review
- Impaired Granularity in T cell Subsets but not in B cell Favors the Carcinogenesis of the Breast: A Preliminary Study in Indonesian Women Cohort.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- Macrophage-like Blood Cells Are Involved in Inter-Tissue Communication to Activate JAK/STAT Signaling, Inducing Antitumor Turandot Proteins inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles at a glance.Journal of cell science · 2024Review
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) kill malignant and infected cells through the directed release of cytotoxic proteins into the immunological synapse (IS). The cytotoxic protein granzyme B (GzmB) is released in its soluble form or in supramolecular attack particles (SMAP). We utilize synaptobrevin2-mRFP knock-in mice to isolate fusogenic cytotoxic granules in an unbiased manner and visualize them alone or in degranulating CTLs. We identified two classes of fusion-competent granules, single core granules (SCG) and multi core granules (MCG), with different diameter, morphology and protein composition. Functional analyses demonstrate that both classes of granules fuse with the plasma membrane at the IS. SCG fusion releases soluble GzmB. MCGs can be labelled with the SMAP marker thrombospondin-1 and their fusion releases intact SMAPs. We propose that CTLs use SCG fusion to fill the synaptic cleft with active cytotoxic proteins instantly and parallel MCG fusion to deliver latent SMAPs for delayed killing of refractory targets.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.