Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35210334›Full record

SynthesisBMJ open2022

Clinical efficacy and safety outcomes of bempedoic acid for LDL-C lowering therapy in patients at high cardiovascular risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Yingfeng Lin, Claudio Parco, Athanasios Karathanos, Torben Krieger, Volker Schulze, Nadja Chernyak, Andrea Icks, Malte Kelm, Maximilian Brockmeyer, Georg Wolff

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Cognitive Function with PCSK9 Inhibitors: A 24-Month Follow-Up Observational Prospective Study in the Real World-MEMOGAL Study.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2023
    Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yingfeng LinDivision of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Claudio ParcoDivision of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Athanasios KarathanosDivision of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Torben KriegerDivision of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Volker SchulzeDivision of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Nadja ChernyakInstitute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Andrea IcksInstitute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Malte KelmDivision of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5834-2757
Maximilian Brockmeyer *Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Georg Wolff *Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany georg.wolff@med.uni-duesseldorf.de.ORCID 0000-0002-1734-6177
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesBempedoic acid (BA) is a novel oral low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering drug. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess efficacy and safety for clinical outcomes in high cardiovascular (CV) risk patients. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, Clinical Trial Results and the American College of Cardiology web site were searched. STUDY SELECTION: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of BA versus placebo in high CV risk patients reporting clinical outcomes were included. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary efficacy outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause mortality, CV mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI). Safety outcomes included new onset or worsening of diabetes mellitus (DM), muscular disorders, gout and worsening of renal function.

resultsSix RCTs with a total of 3956 patients and follow-ups of four to 52 weeks were identified. Heterogeneity mainly derived from differing follow-up duration and baseline CV risk. No difference in MACE (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.61 to 1.15), all-cause mortality (OR 2.37; CI 0.80 to 6.99) and CV mortality (OR 1.66; CI 0.45 to 6.04) for BA versus placebo was observed. BA showed beneficial trends for non-fatal MI (OR 0.57; CI 0.32 to 1.00) and was associated with a lower risk of new-onset or worsening of DM (OR 0.68; CI 0.49 to 0.94), but higher risk of gout (OR 3.29; CI 1.28 to 8.46) and a trend for muscular disorders (OR 2.60; CI 1.15 to 5.91) and worsening of renal function (OR 4.24; CI 0.98 to 18.39).

conclusionBA in high CV risk patients showed no significant effects on major CV outcomes in short-term follow-up. Unfavourable effects on muscular disorders, renal function and gout sound a note of caution. Hence, further studies with longer term follow-up in carefully selected populations are needed to clarify the risk/benefit ratio of this novel therapy.

Indexed as

Dicarboxylic AcidsFatty AcidsCholesterol, LDLHumansTreatment Outcome8-hydroxy-2,2,14,14-tetramethylpentadecanedioic acidCholesterol, LDLDicarboxylic AcidsFatty Acidsclinical pharmacologyclinical trialsischaemic heart diseasepreventive medicine

Identifiers

PMID35210334
PMCPMC8883220
OpenAlexW4221046976

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.