ArticleFoot & ankle international2022
Outcomes of Surgical Reconstruction Using Custom 3D-Printed Porous Titanium Implants for Critical-Sized Bone Defects of the Foot and Ankle.
Article in Foot & ankle international, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Porous Ti-6Al-4V Architectures in Load-Bearing Orthopedic Reconstruction: A Critical Narrative Review of the Translational Gap Across Microstructure, Fatigue, Surface Function, and Clinical Failure Modes.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Navicular bone morphometry for implant planning in fracture surgery: a dry bone analysis.International orthopaedics · 2026Article
- 3D-printed customized semi-restrictive elbow prosthesis for severe pseudoarthritis following comminuted fractures of the distal humerus: A case report and review.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- 3D-printed prothesis combined hinged knee arthroplasty in the treatment of critical-sized osteomyelitis-derived bone defects around the knee joint.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Additive Manufacturing in Orthopaedic Trauma: Current Evidence and Applications.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Foot and ankle biomaterials: a comprehensive review of current applications, challenges, and future directions.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Animal models for critical-sized long-bone defects and long-bone non-union: a scoping review.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Article
- Custom 3D implants for managing bone defects-indications and lessons learned.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025Review
- Charcot foot disease: A new approach.Drugs & aging · 2025Review
- Biomechanical design considerations of a 3D-printed tibiotalocalcaneal nail for ankle joint fusion.3D printing in medicine · 2025Article
- The Use of Platelet-Rich Fibrin-Coated Three-Dimensionally (3D) Printed Scaffolds in Salvage of Complex Hindfoot Cases.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Custom-Made 3D-Printed Titanium Implants for Managing Segmental Distal Tibial Bone Defects: A Systematic Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The rational design, biofunctionalization and biological properties of orthopedic porous titanium implants: a review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Article
- Applying 3D-Printed Porous Ti6Al4V Prostheses to Repair Osteomyelitis-Induced Partial Bone Defects of Lower Limbs: Finite Element Analysis and Clinical Outcomes.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Article
- Surgical Planning and 3D-Printed Mesh Implant for Effective Bone Gap Management: A Case Report.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2024Article
- Designing and additive manufacturing of talus implant for post-traumatic talus avascular necrosis: a case study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- 3D-printed titanium porous prosthesis combined with the Masquelet technique for the management of large femoral bone defect caused by osteomyelitis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Different radius of curvature at the talus trochlea from northern Chinese population measured using 3D model.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- Healthy and diabetic primary human osteoblasts exhibit varying phenotypic profiles in high and low glucose environments on 3D-printed titanium surfaces.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTreating critically sized defects (CSDs) of bone remains a significant challenge in foot and ankle surgery. Custom 3D-printed implants are being offered to a small but growing subset of patients as a salvage procedure in lieu of traditional alternates such as structural allografts after the patient has failed prior procedures. The long-term outcomes of 3D-printed implants are still unknown and understudied because of the limited number of cases and short follow-up durations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients who received custom 3D-printed implants to treat CSDs of the foot and ankle in an attempt to aid surgeons in selecting appropriate surgical candidates.
methodsThis was a retrospective study to assess surgical outcomes of patients who underwent implantation of a custom 3D-printed implant made with medical-grade titanium alloy powder (Ti-6Al-4V) to treat CSDs of the foot and ankle between June 1, 2014, and September 30, 2019. All patients had failed previous nonoperative or operative management before proceeding with treatment with a custom 3D-printed implant. Univariate and multivariate odds ratios (ORs) of a secondary surgery and implant removal were calculated for perioperative variables.
resultsThere were 39 cases of patients who received a custom 3D-printed implant with at least 1 year of follow-up. The mean follow-up time was 27.0 (12-74) months. Thirteen of 39 cases (33.3%) required a secondary surgery and 10 of 39 (25.6%) required removal of the implant because of septic nonunion (6/10) or aseptic nonunion (4/10). The mean time to secondary surgery was 10 months (1-22). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that patients with neuropathy were more likely to require a secondary surgery with an OR of 5.76 (
conclusionThis study demonstrated that 74% of patients who received a custom 3D-printed implant for CSDs did not require as subsequent surgery (minimum of 1-year follow-up). Neuropathy was significantly associated with the need for a secondary surgery. This is the largest series to date demonstrating the efficacy of 3D-printed custom titanium implants. As the number of cases using patient-specific 3D-printed titanium implant increases, larger cohorts of patients should be studied to identify other high-risk groups and possible interventions to improve surgical outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, case series.
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