ReviewMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2022
The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia-A Narrative Review.
Review in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of Immune Cells by Aspirin During Pregnancy.Immunology · 2026Observational
- Integrative biology shows DPP4 affects inflammatory response to eclampsia and cell model growth via p65/NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 pathway.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
- Role of PD-L1 in the Pathogenesis of Pre-Eclampsia and Its Association with Adverse Fetal Outcomes.Turk patoloji dergisi · 2026Article
- Inhibitory immune checkpoints in preeclampsia: current landscape, mechanisms, and clinical perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- MicroRNA-155 targets p65 to regulate PD-L1 expression in the early pregnancy endometrium.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- PD-L1 expression and characterization of its carrier macrophages in placentas with acute and specifically post-SARS-CoV-2 infection.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2024Article
- Exploration of the molecular characteristics and potential clinical significance of shared immune-related genes between preterm preeclampsia and term preeclampsia.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- PD-1 immunology in the kidneys: a growing relationship.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Connecting the Dots: Exploring the Interplay Between Preeclampsia and Peripartum Cardiomyopathy.Journal of pregnancy · 2024Review
- Immune checkpoint molecules B7-1 and B7-H1 as predictive markers of pre-eclampsia: A case-control study in a Ghana.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
- A Review on Inflammasomes and Immune Checkpoints in Pre-Eclampsia Complicated with Tuberculosis and Human Immune Deficiency Virus.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease which is characterized by abnormal placentation, endothelial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. Several studies have shown that the maternal immune system, which is crucial for maintaining the pregnancy by ensuring maternal-fetal-tolerance, is disrupted in preeclamptic patients. Besides different immune cells, immune checkpoint molecules such as the programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1 system) and the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3/Galectin-9 (TIM-3/Gal-9 system) are key players in upholding the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals. Therefore, a clear understanding about the role of these immune checkpoint molecules in preeclampsia is essential. This review discusses the role of these two immune checkpoint systems in pregnancy and their alterations in preeclampsia.
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