Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35206941›Full record

ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2022

A Cybersecurity Culture Survey Targeting Healthcare Critical Infrastructures.

Fotios Gioulekas, Evangelos Stamatiadis, Athanasios Tzikas, Konstantinos Gounaris, Anna Georgiadou, Ariadni Michalitsi-Psarrou, Georgios Doukas, Michael Kontoulis, Yannis Nikoloudakis, Sergiu Marin and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. The need for cybersecurity self-evaluation in healthcare.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Fotios Gioulekas5th Regional Health Authority of Thessaly & Sterea, Mezourlo, 411 10 Larissa, Greece.
Evangelos Stamatiadis5th Regional Health Authority of Thessaly & Sterea, Mezourlo, 411 10 Larissa, Greece.
Athanasios Tzikas5th Regional Health Authority of Thessaly & Sterea, Mezourlo, 411 10 Larissa, Greece.
Konstantinos Gounaris5th Regional Health Authority of Thessaly & Sterea, Mezourlo, 411 10 Larissa, Greece.
Anna GeorgiadouDecision Support Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15 780 Zografou, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-0078-6969
Ariadni Michalitsi-PsarrouDecision Support Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15 780 Zografou, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-0792-8568
Georgios DoukasDecision Support Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15 780 Zografou, Greece.
Michael KontoulisDecision Support Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15 780 Zografou, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-4495-4776
Yannis NikoloudakisDepartment of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 710 04 Heraklion, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-5549-2207
Sergiu MarinPolaris Medical Clinica de Tratament si Recuperare, Str. Principală, 407062 Suceagu, Romania.
Ricardo CabecinhaHospital do Espírito Santo de Évora, EPE, Largo Senhor da Pobreza, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal.
Christos NtanosDecision Support Systems Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens, 15 780 Zografou, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-5162-6500

Funding

European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme 826183European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme 832907
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent studies report that cybersecurity breaches noticed in hospitals are associated with low levels of personnel's cybersecurity awareness. This work aims to assess the cybersecurity culture in healthcare institutions from middle- to low-income EU countries. The evaluation process was designed and performed via anonymous online surveys targeting individually ICT (internet and communication technology) departments and healthcare professionals. The study was conducted in 2019 for a health region in Greece, with a significant number of hospitals and health centers, a large hospital in Portugal, and a medical clinic in Romania, with 53.6% and 6.71% response rates for the ICT and healthcare professionals, respectively. Its findings indicate the necessity of establishing individual cybersecurity departments to monitor assets and attitudes while underlying the importance of continuous security awareness training programs. The analysis of our results assists in comprehending the countermeasures, which have been implemented in the healthcare institutions, and consequently enhancing cybersecurity defense, while reducing the risk surface.

Indexed as

awarenesscybersecurity culturehealthcare domainsecurity assessment

Identifiers

PMID35206941
PMCPMC8871847

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.