ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Associations between Biomarkers of Metal Exposure and Dry Eye Metrics in Shipyard Welders: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Okra eyelid patch versus sodium hyaluronate combined with ofloxacin eye drop in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction: a randomized controlled trial.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- Indoor Environmental Exposures and Dry Eye Disease: Mechanisms, Clinical Impact, and Prevention Strategies.Toxics · 2026Review
- Dry Eye in Colombian Tomato Farmers: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study of Occupational Exposure Duration.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Quantification of Metal(loid)s in Lubricating Eye Drops Used in the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Toxic External Exposure Leading to Ocular Surface Injury.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Impact of Microplastics on the Ocular Surface.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Shipyard welders are often exposed to welding metal fumes. Ocular surfaces are continually exposed to environmental hazards. However, limited information on the associations between metal exposure and dry eye metrics in occupational settings is available. This study employed a cross-sectional design that involved the participation of 59 welders and 25 administrative staff in a shipyard in northern Taiwan from September 2020 to October 2020. The participants' individual information, laboratory data, exposure to particulate matter < 2.5 μm, urinary, and toenail metal concentrations were collected. Dry eye metrics were evaluated using standardized questionnaires and a noninvasive ocular surface analyzer. Urinary V and Cr and toenail V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, As, and Cd and Pb were significantly higher in the exposed group than in the control group. After adjustment for confounding factors, dry eye metrics were associated with urinary Cd (β = 0.407;
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Registered trials
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