Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35206348›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022

Adolescents' Perspectives on the Drivers of Obesity Using a Group Model Building Approach: A South African Perspective.

Gaironeesa Hendricks, Natalie Savona, Anaely Aguiar, Olufunke Alaba, Sharmilah Booley, Sonia Malczyk, Emmanuel Nwosu, Cecile Knai, Harry Rutter, Knut-Inge Klepp and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Causal Loop Diagrams of Food Systems, Diet, and Obesity: A Scoping Review of Methods, Contextual Factors, and Outcomes.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025
    Article
  9. Systems approaches in public health: beyond mapping the causes.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Gaironeesa HendricksResearch Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle & Sport, Division of Physio-Logical Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Natalie SavonaFaculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Anaely AguiarSystem Dynamics Group, Department of Geography, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-2440-4785
Olufunke AlabaHealth Economics Division, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Sharmilah BooleyResearch Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle & Sport, Division of Physio-Logical Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
Sonia MalczykResearch Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle & Sport, Division of Physio-Logical Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-5465-7970
Emmanuel NwosuResearch Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle & Sport, Division of Physio-Logical Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-1776-3704
Cecile KnaiFaculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6663-7379
Harry RutterDepartment of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7PJ, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9322-0656
Knut-Inge KleppDivision of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
Janetta HarbronResearch Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle & Sport, Division of Physio-Logical Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-9273-1190
University of Cape Town · ZALondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBNorwegian Institute of Public Health · NOUniversity of Bath · GBUniversity of Bergen · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Overweight and obesity increase the risk of a range of poor physiological and psychosocial health outcomes. Previous work with well-defined cohorts has explored the determinants of obesity and employed various methods and measures; however, less is known on the broader societal drivers, beyond individual-level influences, using a systems framework with adolescents. The aim of this study was to explore the drivers of obesity from adolescents' perspectives using a systems approach through group model building in four South African schools. Group model building was used to generate 4 causal loop diagrams with 62 adolescents aged 16-18 years. These maps were merged into one final map, and the main themes were identified: (i) physical activity and social media use; (ii) physical activity, health-related morbidity, and socio-economic status; (iii) accessibility of unhealthy food and energy intake/body weight; (iv) psychological distress, body weight, and weight-related bullying; and (v) parental involvement and unhealthy food intake. Our study identified meaningful policy-relevant insights into the drivers of adolescent obesity, as described by the young people themselves in a South African context. This approach, both the process of construction and the final visualization, provides a basis for taking a novel approach to prevention and intervention recommendations for adolescent obesity.

Indexed as

Pediatric ObesityAdolescentExerciseFoodHumansOverweightSchoolsadolescentsgroup model buildingobesityqualitativesystem mapping

Identifiers

PMID35206348
PMCPMC8871984
OpenAlexW4213198303

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.