ArticleBiomolecules2022
6-Hydroxydopamine Induces Abnormal Iron Sequestration in BV2 Microglia by Activating Iron Regulatory Protein 1 and Inhibiting Hepcidin Release.
Article in Biomolecules, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical study on the interaction between iron metabolism and neuroinflammation and iron deposition in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease.Brain imaging and behavior · 2026Article
- Periodic limb movements in Parkinson's disease: a critical review of pathophysiology and a framework for clinical management.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Stress-Induced Dysregulation of Brain Iron Metabolism and Its Links to Neurological Disorders.Biology · 2025Review
- The role of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: from the perspective of ferroptosis.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2025Review
- Comparison of the Efficiency of Fractional Anisotropy or Relaxation Time T2* in the Early Diagnosis of 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2025Article
- The potential significance of hepcidin evaluation in progressive supranuclear palsy.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- A commentary on studies of brain iron accumulation during ageing.Journal of biological inorganic chemistry : JBIC : a publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry · 2024Review
- The Protection of EGCG Against 6-OHDA-Induced Oxidative Damage by Regulating PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling.Nutrition and metabolic insights · 2024Article
- Brain Iron Homeostasis and Mental Disorders.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Evaluation of the therapeutic potential of cerebrolysin and/or lithium in the male Wistar rat model of Parkinson's disease induced by reserpine.Metabolic brain disease · 2023Article
- Restraint Stress Exacerbates Apoptosis in a 6-OHDA Animal Model of Parkinson Disease.Neurotoxicity research · 2023Article
- Ferroptosis and its role in skeletal muscle diseases.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
Disrupted iron homeostasis in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) is an important pathological mechanism in Parkinson's disease (PD). It is unclear what role microglia play in iron metabolism and selective iron deposition in the SNpc of PD brain. In this study, we observed that 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced the expression of divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT1) and iron influx in BV2 microglia cells, which might be associated with the upregulation of iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) expression. Moreover, we found that 6-OHDA had no significant effect on the expression of ferroportin 1 (FPN1) and iron efflux in BV2 microglial cells, which might be the combined action of IRP1 upregulation and reduced hepcidin levels. Furthermore, 6-OHDA treatment activated BV2 microglia and enhanced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, iron overloading suppressed IRP1 expression, thus downregulating DMT1 and upregulating FPN1 levels in these microglial cells. On the contrary, iron deficiency activated IRP1, leading to increased expression of DMT1 and decreased expression of FPN1-which indicates that activated IRP1 induces iron overloading in 6-OHDA-treated microglia, but not iron overloading modulates the expression of IRP1. Taken together, our data suggest that 6-OHDA can regulate the expression of DMT1 and FPN1 by activating IRP1 and inhibiting hepcidin release, thus leading to abnormal iron sequestration in microglia. In addition, 6-OHDA can activate microglia, which leads to increased release of pro-inflammatory factors that can further induce genome damage in dopaminergic neurons.
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