ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Factors Associated with Delirium in COVID-19 Patients and Their Outcome: A Single-Center Cohort Study.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A pandemic of delirium: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of occurrence of delirium in older adults with COVID-19.European geriatric medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as prognostic predictors for delirium in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC anesthesiology · 2023Pooled it
- NeuroCOVID Burden and Functional Impairment in Adults with Long COVID: A Secondary Analysis of an Italian Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Temporal patterns of neurological deterioration in COVID-19 survivors: a longitudinal cohort analysis of post-acute neurological sequelae.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Clinical Outcomes and Mortality Following Delirium: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study on Hospitalized Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- COVID-19 Fog Symptoms Are Associated with Brain Metabolism and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio-A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the COVMENT Trial Baseline Data.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Sleep Disturbances Across Dementias and Cognitive Decline: Study Protocol for a Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Polysomnographic Findings.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Biomarker for Long-Term Survival in Older Adults at a Mental Health Care Center: A Historical Cohort Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Cross-Section of Neurological Manifestations Among SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants-Single-Center Study.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- The interrelationship between multiple long-term conditions (MLTC) and delirium: a scoping review.Age and ageing · 2024Article
- Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with delirium in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: are immigrants a vulnerable group?Internal and emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Tele-Mindfulness Program for Mental Health in Previously Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A quasi-experimental study.Advances in rehabilitation science and practiceArticle
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA significant proportion of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) suffer from delirium during hospitalization. This single-center observational study investigates the occurrence of delirium, the associated risk factors and its impact on in-hospital mortality in an Italian cohort of COVID 19 inpatients.
methodsData were collected in the COVID units of a general medical hospital in the South of Italy. Socio-demographic, clinical and pharmacological features were collected. Diagnosis of delirium was based on a two-step approach according to 4AT criteria and DSM5 criteria. Outcomes were: dates of hospital discharge, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, or death, whichever came first. Univariable and multivariable proportional hazards Cox regression models were estimated, and risks were reported as hazard ratios (HR) along with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
resultsA total of 47/214 patients (22%) were diagnosed with delirium (21 hypoactive, 15 hyperactive, and 11 mixed). In the multivariable model, four independent variables were independently associated with the presence of delirium: dementia, followed by age at admission, C-reactive protein (CRP), and Glasgow Coma Scale. In turn, delirium was the strongest independent predictor of death/admission to ICU (composite outcome), followed by Charlson Index (not including dementia), CRP, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. The probability of reaching the composite outcome was higher for patients with the hypoactive subtype than for those with the hyperactive subtype.
conclusionsDelirium was the strongest predictor of poor outcome in COVID-19 patients, especially in the hypoactive subtype. Several clinical features and inflammatory markers were associated with the increased risk of its occurrence. The early recognition of these factors may help clinicians to select patients who would benefit from both non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions in order to prevent delirium, and in turn, reduce the risk of admission to ICU or death.
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