ReviewBrain sciences2022
Prevalence of Developmental Dyslexia in Primary School Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Brain sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Psychoeducational Challenges of Dyslexic Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.Dyslexia (Chichester, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Global prevalence of developmental disabilities in children and adolescents: A systematic umbrella review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Dyslexia, School-Connectedness, Depression, and Anxiety During the Transition From Primary to Secondary School.Dyslexia (Chichester, England) · 2026Article
- Examining complex academic language in children with dyslexia: a comparative analysis with curriculum standards.Annals of dyslexia · 2026Article
- Kindergarten predictors of dyslexia pathways in Hebrew: a 5-year longitudinal study.Annals of dyslexia · 2026Article
- Thoughts on the Definition of Dyslexia.Annals of dyslexia · 2026Article
- Supporting inclusion in nursing education: a metasynthesis on learning experiences of students with specific learning disorders.BMC medical education · 2026Review
- Trends in testing effect research: from lab to classroom, but not yet for all learners.NPJ science of learning · 2026Review
- Kindergarten Screening for Early (Grade 1) and Late-Emerging (Grade 4) Dyslexia Risk.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Microstructural abnormalities in the ATR and VOF underlie tone awareness deficits in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia: a DTI study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Beyond reading and spelling: exploring intelligence profiles in individuals with dyslexia through a Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory lens.Health psychology report · 2026Article
- Measuring reading and language skill in generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Arithmetic performance in children with typical and impaired literacy skills.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Associations between dyslexia and mental health in primary school students: the roles of parenting style, and character strengths.Australian journal of psychology · 2026Article
- Intrinsic Functional Connectivity Network in Children with Dyslexia: An Extension Study on Novel Cognitive-Motor Training.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- "Remember One Size Doesn't Fit All": A Scoping Review of Postpartum Supports for Neurodivergent Mothers.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Article
- Syntactic Awareness Skills in Children with Dyslexia: The Contributions of Phonological Awareness and Morphological Awareness.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal expression pattern of dyslexia susceptibility 1 candidate 1 (DYX1C1) during rat cerebral cortex development.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Multivariate genome-wide association analysis of dyslexia and quantitative reading skill improves gene discovery.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Short-term impacts of TV viewing on executive functions in children with reading difficulties: an eye tracking study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDevelopmental dyslexia (DD) is a specific learning disorder concerning reading acquisition that may has a lifelong negative impact on individuals. A reliable estimate of the prevalence of DD serves as the basis for diagnosis, intervention, and evidence-based health resource allocation and policy-making. Hence, the present meta-analysis aims to generate a reliable prevalence estimate of DD worldwide in primary school children and explore the potential variables related to that prevalence.
methodsStudies from the 1950s to June 2021 were collated using a combination of search terms related to DD and prevalence. Study quality was assessed using the STROBE guidelines according to the study design, with study heterogeneity assessed using the
resultsThe pooled prevalence of DD was 7.10% (95% CI: 6.27-7.97%). The prevalence in boys was significantly higher than that in girls (boys: 9.22%, 95%CI, 8.07-10.44%; girls: 4.66%, 95% CI, 3.84-5.54%;
conclusionsThis study provides an estimation of worldwide DD prevalence in primary school children. The prevalence was higher in boys than in girls but was not significantly different across different writing systems.
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