ReviewBrain sciences2022
Cognitive Impairment in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Effect of Disease Duration, Age, and Progressive Phenotype.
Review in Brain sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06599307 (The Effect of Rituximab on Cognitive and Hand Functions in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Rituximab on Cognitive and Hand Functions in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- The associations between caregivers' psychological characteristics and patients' apathy symptoms in multiple sclerosis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Brain Atrophy and Cognitive Impairment in Primary and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Cohort-Similar Progressive MS Phenotype.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cognitive impairment, mood, and fatigue in various multiple sclerosis subtypes: a one-year follow-up study.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- No Relation Between Cognitive Impairment, Physical Disability and Serum Biomarkers in a Cohort of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Fatigue and its correlation with anxiety and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis in China.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Correlation of Cognition With Disability and Physical Performance in Patients With Relapsing-Remitting MS.Journal of central nervous system disease · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Odds of Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis Subtypes and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case-Control Study.Advanced biomedical research · 2025Article
- Validation of a Set of Clinical Criteria for the Diagnosis of Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- A taxonomy of cognitive phenotypes in Multiple Sclerosis: a 1-year longitudinal study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Multiple sclerosis: emerging epidemiological trends and redefining the clinical course.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Review
- The Faces of "Too Late"-A Surprisingly Progressive Cohort of "Stable" Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis: from phenomenology to neurobiological mechanisms.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Review
- Stress and Quality of Life in Caregivers of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Patterns of attention deficit in relapsing and progressive phenotypes of multiple sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Cognitive Imapirment in Multiple Sclerosis: Relation to Dysability, Duration and Type of Disease.Materia socio-medica · 2023Article
- Processing speed and memory test performance are associated with different brain region volumes in Veterans and others with progressive multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- The TRACK-MS Test Battery: A Very Brief Tool to Track Multiple Sclerosis-Related Cognitive Impairment.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Apolipoprotein E4 and its later-life health effects on the multiple sclerosis population.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCognitive deficits are common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and affect patients at all stages of the disease, regardless of phenotype.
aimsThis literature review focuses the cognitive deficits observed in secondary progressive MS (SPMS). It is mainly based on studies that compared the frequency and main characteristics of cognitive deficits in SPMS with other phenotypes.
methodsA bibliographic search was carried out using the PubMed database with the following keywords: multiple sclerosis, secondary-progressive, cognition.
resultsThirteen studies were initially selected that were published in English, reporting the neuropsychological data of a sample of at least 30 patients with SPMS, comparing them with patients with other phenotypes. Studies suggest that there is an association between the duration of the disease and the frequency and extent of the cognitive disorders. Studies also showed that the SP form is associated with an increased frequency of cognitive impairment and with an increased severity as compared to relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). Compared to RRMS, progressive forms of MS are associated with more severe impairment in certain cognitive areas, such as episodic verbal memory, information processing speed, working memory, or verbal fluency. Two studies showed that cognitive performances decline overtime in SPMS.
conclusionCognitive disorders are more frequent and more severe in the SP form than in relapsing course of MS. The profile of cognitive impairment encountered in the SP form also appears to be different from those found in the other phenotypes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.