ArticleBiomedicines2022
An Early Th1 Response Is a Key Factor for a Favorable COVID-19 Evolution.
Article in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ptpn2 limits plasma cell fate and antiviral immunity by integrating B cell receptor and IFN-γ signals in B cells.Science advances · 2026Article
- Cytokine Profiles in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Neutrophils following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Study from Kuwait.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2026Article
- Immune Dysregulation and Persistent Symptoms: Insights into T Cell Dynamics in Post-COVID among Athletes from the CoSmo-S Study.Journal of clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Metabolic implications of COVID-19 with a focus on lipid profiles and inflammatory markers.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Long-term humoral and cellular immune responses following Covaxin vaccination: a 2-year prospective longitudinal study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Heterologous ORFV-Ad26 vaccination broadens antibody breadth and amplifies cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 spike.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Saponin nanoparticle adjuvants incorporating Toll-like receptor agonists drive distinct immune signatures and potent vaccine responses.Science advances · 2024Article
- Nanoparticle-Conjugated Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonists Improve the Potency, Durability, and Breadth of COVID-19 Vaccines.ACS nano · 2024Article
- The effects of iron deficient and high iron diets on SARS-CoV-2 lung infection and disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Identification of CRTH2 as a New PPARγ-Target Gene in T Cells Suggested CRTH2 Dependent Conversion of TImmunoTargets and therapy · 2024Article
- Different polarization and functionality of CD4+ T helper subsets in people with post-COVID condition.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Immune dysregulation is an important factor in the underlying complications in Influenza infection. ApoH, IL-8 and IL-15 as markers of prognosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Observational
- Tracking inflammation resolution signatures in lungs after SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.1 infection of K18-hACE2 mice.PloS one · 2024Article
- Broad and Durable Humoral Responses Following Single Hydrogel Immunization of SARS-CoV-2 Subunit Vaccine.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
- Reduced SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine immunogenicity and protection in mice with diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Article
- Effect of Lymphocyte Phenotypic Alterations on the Humoral Response to Vaccination Against SARS-COV-2 in Dialysis Patients.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2023Article
- Neutralizing Antibodies in COVID-19 Serum from Tatarstan, Russia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Defending against SARS-CoV-2: The T cell perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- T cell immune response predicts survival in severely ill COVID-19 patients requiring venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Observational
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15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Th1/Th2 balance plays a crucial role in the progression of different pathologies and is a determining factor in the evolution of infectious diseases. This work has aimed to evaluate the early, or on diagnosis, T-cell compartment response, T-helper subsets and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody specificity in COVID-19 patients and to classify them according to evolution based on infection severity. A unicenter, randomized group of 146 COVID-19 patients was divided into four groups in accordance with the most critical events during the course of disease. The immunophenotype and T-helper subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals showed a potent and robust Th1 immunity, with a lower Th17 and less activated T-cells at the time of sample acquisition compared not only with symptomatic patients, but also with healthy controls. Conversely, severe COVID-19 patients presented with Th17-skewed immunity, fewer Th1 responses and more activated T-cells. The multivariate analysis of the immunological and inflammatory parameters, together with the comorbidities, showed that the Th1 response was an independent protective factor for the prevention of hospitalization (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.03-0.81), with an AUC of 0.844. Likewise, the Th1 response was found to be an independent protective factor for severe forms of the disease (OR 0.09, 95% CI: 0.01-0.63,
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