ArticleToxins2022
Intramuscular Neural Arborization of the Latissimus Dorsi Muscle: Application of Botulinum Neurotoxin Injection in Flap Reconstruction.
Article in Toxins, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- The motor endplate band as an optimal target for botulinum toxin in congenital torticollis: evidence from a rabbit model.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Intramuscular neural distribution of the soleus for botulinum neurotoxin injection: application to spasticity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Botulinum toxin in fracture management: a scoping review.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- Impact of Adequate Disinfection Techniques for Ultrasound-Guided Injections in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Anatomical Guidelines and Technical Tips for Neck Aesthetics with Botulinum Toxin.Archives of plastic surgery · 2024Article
- Sonographic observation of the paradoxical masseteric bulging and clinical implication of functional compartment.Anatomy & cell biology · 2024Article
- Botulinum neurotoxin injection for treating plunged nose and post-rhinoplasty: anatomical perspectives of depressor septi nasi, nasalis, leveator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle.Anatomy & cell biology · 2023Review
- Intramuscular neural distribution of the teres minor muscle using Sihler's stain: application to botulinum neurotoxin injection.Anatomy & cell biology · 2023Article
- Novel anatomical guidelines for botulinum neurotoxin injection in the mentalis muscle: a review.Anatomy & cell biology · 2023Review
- Anatomical proposal of local anesthesia injection for median nerve block in treating hyperhidrosis with botulinum neurotoxin.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Article
- Guidance in botulinum neurotoxin injection for lower extremity spasticity: Sihler's staining technique.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Review
- Botulinum neurotoxin injection in the deltoid muscle: application to cosmetic shoulder contouring.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Article
- Novel anatomical proposal for botulinum neurotoxin injection targeting depressor anguli oris for treating drooping mouth corner.Anatomy & cell biology · 2023Review
- Novel Anatomical Guidelines on Botulinum Neurotoxin Injection for Wrinkles in the Nose Region.Toxins · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Postoperative pain after breast reconstruction surgery with the latissimus dorsi flap is a common occurrence. Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection during surgery is effective in reducing postoperative pain. This study aimed to determine the most appropriate locations for BoNT injection. A modified Sihler's method was performed on the latissimus dorsi muscles in 16 specimens. Intramuscular nerve arborization was noted under the landmark of the medial side surgical neck of the humerus to the line crossing the spinous process of T5 and the middle of the iliac crest. The latissimus dorsi muscles were divided into medial, middle, and lateral segments with 10 transverse divisions to give 10 sections (each 10%). Intramuscular nerve arborization of the latissimus dorsi muscle was the largest from the medial and lateral part of the muscle ranging from 40 to 60%, middle part from 30 to 60% and medial, middle and lateral part from 70 to 90%. The nerve entry points were at the medial and lateral part with 20-40% regarding the medial side of surgical neck of the humerus to the line crossing spinous process of T5 to the middle of iliac crest. These outcomes propose that an injection of BoNT into the latissimus dorsi muscles should be administered into specific zones.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.