ReviewBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2022
COVID-19 Vaccines: An Overview of Different Platforms.
Review in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cytokine Profiles in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Neutrophils following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Study from Kuwait.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2026Article
- In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of Laz-expressing Salmonella Typhimurium YB1 via optimized secretion and regulation.AMB Express · 2026Article
- Impact of COVID-19 vaccination and vaccine type on morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients: a retrospective cohort study in Egypt.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Comparing the maternal and neonatal outcomes in vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women against COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- BCG vaccination: historical role, modern applications, and future perspectives in tuberculosis and beyond.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Confidence in the efficacy of routine vaccines after the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional web-based study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Effects of Knowledge and Attitude, E-Health Literacy, and Health Self-Efficacy on COVID-19 Vaccine Intention in India.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2024Article
- Sputnik V-Induced Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Variants during the Dissemination of the Gamma Variant in Venezuela.Viruses · 2024Article
- Comparing the immunogenicity of COVID-19 infection and vaccination in pregnant women as measured by anti-S IgG.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Vaccines and monoclonal antibodies: new tools for malaria control.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Recent development of oral vaccines (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Review
- Undergraduate-level biology students' application of central dogma to understand COVID mRNA vaccines.Journal of microbiology & biology education · 2024Article
- Review
- Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of an Urdu version of the Vaccine Attitudes Examination (VAX-U) scale.PloS one · 2024Article
- Reinfection rates, change in antibody titers and adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination among patients previously infected with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines: a secondary analysis of a completed cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- An assessment of the strategy and status of COVID-19 vaccination in India.Immunologic research · 2023Review
- Challenges in the Vaccination of the Elderly and Strategies for Improvement.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the key strategies to stop the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aims to evaluate the current state of vaccine development and to determine the issues that merit additional research. We conducted a literature review of the development of COVID-19 vaccines, their effectiveness, and their use in special patient groups. To date, 140 vaccines are in clinical development. Vector, RNA, subunit, and inactivated vaccines, as well as DNA vaccines, have been approved for human use. Vector vaccines have been well studied prior to the COVID-19 pandemic; however, their long-term efficacy and approaches to scaling up their production remain questionable. The main challenge for RNA vaccines is to improve their stability during production, storage, and transportation. For inactivated vaccines, the key issue is to improve their immunogenicity and effectiveness. To date, it has been shown that the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines directly correlates with their clinical efficacy. In view of the constant mutation, the emerging new SARS-CoV-2 variants have been shown to be able to partially escape post-vaccination immune response; however, most vaccines remain sufficiently effective regardless of the variant of the virus. One of the promising strategies to improve the effectiveness of vaccination, which is being studied, is the use of different platforms within a single vaccination course. Despite significant progress in the development and study of COVID-19 vaccines, there are many issues that require further research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.