ArticleThe Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology2022
A revised view on the evolution of glutamine synthetase isoenzymes in plants.
Article in The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glutamine synthetase GLN1;5 and ACT domain repeat ACR1 functionally interact at the seed level in Arabidopsis thaliana.Protoplasma · 2026Article
- Photorespiration Is Associated with Nitrogen Metabolism and Nitrogen Productivity in Kentucky Bluegrass.Biology · 2026Article
- Expanding the Genetic Toolkit of Pichia kudriavzevii E1 for Enhanced Mycoprotein Production.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Functional potential of archaeal KEGG enzymes in the Moringa oleifera rhizosphere revealed by metagenomic analysis.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Review
- Phylogenetic reconciliation provides new insights into the evolutionary diversification of the glutamine synthetase gene family in seed plants.The FEBS journal · 2026Article
- Exploring the Effects ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Construction of RecombinantMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Marine microalgae extracts as plant biostimulant to boost baby leaf lettuce production.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Agriculture: Integrating Biotechnology, Microbiology, and Novel Delivery Systems for Sustainable Agriculture.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Effects and mechanisms of phytohormones in enhancing the resistance of Oocystis borgei to high ammonium nitrogen stress.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Loss of Arabidopsis ACR11 results in altered C/N balance and high sensitivity to nitrogen toxicity.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- The Functional Characterization of MaGS2 and Its Role as a Negative Regulator ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Rewiring of primary metabolism for ammonium recycling under short-term low COFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Nitrogen transport and assimilation in tea plant (Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
- Is plastidic glutamine synthetase essential for CThe New phytologist · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glutamine synthetase (GS) is a key enzyme responsible for the incorporation of inorganic nitrogen in the form of ammonium into the amino acid glutamine. In plants, two groups of functional GS enzymes are found: eubacterial GSIIb (GLN2) and eukaryotic GSIIe (GLN1/GS). Only GLN1/GS genes are found in vascular plants, which suggests that they are involved in the final adaptation of plants to terrestrial life. The present phylogenetic study reclassifies the different GS genes of seed plants into three clusters: GS1a, GS1b and GS2. The presence of genes encoding GS2 has been expanded to Cycadopsida gymnosperms, which suggests the origin of this gene in a common ancestor of Cycadopsida, Ginkgoopsida and angiosperms. GS1a genes have been identified in all gymnosperms, basal angiosperms and some Magnoliidae species. Previous studies in conifers and the gene expression profiles obtained in ginkgo and magnolia in the present work could explain the absence of GS1a in more recent angiosperm species (e.g. monocots and eudicots) as a result of the redundant roles of GS1a and GS2 in photosynthetic cells. Altogether, the results provide a better understanding of the evolution of plant GS isoenzymes and their physiological roles, which is valuable for improving crop nitrogen use efficiency and productivity. This new view of GS evolution in plants, including a new cytosolic GS group (GS1a), has important functional implications in the context of plant metabolism adaptation to global changes.
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