Observational studyThe American journal of clinical nutrition2022
Ultra-processed food intake and animal-based food intake and mortality in the Adventist Health Study-2.
Observational study in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Ultra-processed foods and risk of all-cause mortality: an updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Substitution of animal-based with plant-based foods on cardiometabolic health and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.BMC medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Associations Between Ultra-Processed Food (UPF) Consumption and Weight Change and Obesity Risk Among Consumers of Plant-Based Diets: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Nutrition AssociationPooled it
- Consumption of ultra-processed foods and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: the Singapore Chinese health study.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Ultraprocessed food intake and risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer in the NIH-AARP cohort: a prospective cohort analysis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Ultra-processed foods, plant and animal sources, and all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality in older adults in the United States: results from the Cardiovascular Health Study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Association Between Ultra-processed Food Consumption and Mortality Among US Adults: Prospective Cohort Study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2018Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2025Article
- Beyond Meat Substitution: A Multifaceted Review of Plant-Based and Alternative Proteins, from Environmental Impact to Analytical Technologies.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Using a systems thinking approach to map the global rise of ultra-processed foods in population diets.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Review
- The Effect of a Lecture-Based Educational Intervention to Improve the Nutrition Knowledge and Behavior of Plant-Based Seventh-Day Adventists Living in the United Kingdom.Health science reports · 2025Article
- An unbiased, sustainable, evidence-informed Universal Food Guide: a timely template for national food guides.Nutrition journal · 2024Review
- Implications of food ultra-processing on cardiovascular risk considering plant origin foods: an analysis of the UK Biobank cohort.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Article
- Dismantling the myth of "all foods fit" in eating disorder treatment.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
- The intake of solid fat and cheese may be associated with a reduced risk of Helicobacter pylori infection status: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 1999-2000.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Ultra-processed food consumption and mortality among patients with stages I-III colorectal cancer: a prospective cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Nutritional Criminology: Why the Emerging Research on Ultra-Processed Food Matters to Health and Justice.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food and Drink Products in a Greek Christian Orthodox Church Fasting Population.Nutrients · 2023Article
- What is the purpose of ultra-processed food? An exploratory analysis of the financialisation of ultra-processed food corporations and implications for public health.Globalization and health · 2023Review
- Ultraprocessed foods and chronic kidney disease-double trouble.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Review
- Consumption of ultra-processed foods and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the Southern Community Cohort Study.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBoth ultra-processed foods and animal-derived foods have been associated with mortality in some studies.
objectivesWe aimed to examine the association of 2 dietary factors (ultra-processed foods and animal-based foods), adjusted for each other, with all-cause mortality.
methodsThe setting is an observational prospective cohort study in North America, recruited from Seventh-day Adventist churches, comprised of 95,597 men and women, yielding an analytic sample of 77,437 participants after exclusions. The exposure of interest was diet measured by FFQ, in particular 2 dietary factors: 1) proportion of dietary energy from ultra-processed foods (other processing levels and specific substitutions in some models) and 2) proportion of dietary energy from animal-based foods (red meat, poultry, fish, and eggs/dairy separately in some models). The main outcome was all-cause mortality. Mortality data through 2015 were obtained from the National Death Index. Analyses used proportional hazards regression.
resultsThere were 9293 deaths. In mutually adjusted continuous linear models of both dietary factors (ultra-processed and animal-based foods), the HR for the 90th compared with the 10th percentile of the proportion of dietary energy from ultra-processed food was 1.14 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.21, comparing 47.7% with 12.1% dietary energy), whereas for animal-based food intake (meats, dairy, eggs) it was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.07, comparing 25.0% with 0.4% dietary energy). There was no evidence of interaction (P = 0.36). Among animal-based foods, only red meat intake was associated with mortality (HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.22, comparing 6.2% with 0% dietary energy).
conclusionsGreater consumption of ultra-processed foods was associated with higher all-cause mortality in this health-conscious Adventist population with many vegetarians. The total of animal-based food consumption (meat, dairy, eggs) was not associated with mortality, but higher red meat intake was. These findings suggest that high consumption of ultra-processed foods may be an important indicator of mortality.
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