ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2022
Biomechanical evaluation and comparison of clinically relevant versus non-relevant leg length inequalities.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical cutoff value of lumbar bending range for predicting residual pelvic obliquity after total hip arthroplasty in dysplastic hip osteoarthritis.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2026Article
- Perceived leg length discrepancy after total hip arthroplasty is associated with global spinopelvic coronal flexibility.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2026Article
- A systematic approach to managing complications after proximal tibial osteotomies of the knee.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2023Review
- No significant post-operative limb length difference following medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy in a multi-ethnic Southeast Asian population.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundLeg length inequalities are a frequent condition in every population. It is common clinical practice to consider LLIs of 2 cm and more as relevant and to treat those. However, the amount of LLIs that need treatment is not clearly defined in literature and the effect of real LLIs on the musculoskeletal system above and below 2 cm have not been studied biomechanically before.
methodsBy using surface topography, we evaluated 32 patients (10 females, 22 male) with real LLIs of ≥ 2 cm (mean: 2.72 cm; n = 10) and compared their pelvic position and spinal posture to patients with LLIs < 2 cm (mean: 1.24 cm; n = 22) while standing and walking. All patients were measured with a surface topography system during standing and while walking on a treadmill. To compare patient groups, we used Student t-tests for independent samples.
resultsPelvic obliquity was significantly higher in patients with LLI ≥ 2 cm during the standing trial (p = 0.045) and during the midstance phase of the longer leg (p = 0.023) while walking. Further measurements did not reveal any significant differences (p = 0.06-0.706).
conclusionsThe results of our study suggest that relevant LLIs of ≥ 2 cm mostly affect pelvic obliquity and do not lead to significant alterations in the spinal posture during a standing trial. Additionally, we demonstrated that LLIs are better compensated when walking, showing almost no significant differences in pelvic and spinal posture between patients with LLIs smaller and greater than 2 cm. This study shows that LLIs ≥ 2 cm can still be compensated; however, we do not know if the compensation mechanisms may lead to long-term clinical pathologies.
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