ReviewEndocrine connections2022
Autoimmune disease and interconnections with vitamin D.
Review in Endocrine connections, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Vitamin D in Severity and Control of Asthma in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Pooled it
- Psoriasis and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- The Association between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Urinary Tract Infection Risk in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Neonatal vitamin D levels and autoimmune disorders: a Danish population-based cohort study.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Beyond traditional roles: vitamin D and erythropoietin as immune modulators in kidney diseases.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- The Role of Vitamin D in Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms and Immunological Effects of Vitamin D in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Vitamin D.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Unveiling the Link Between Vitamin D, Hashimoto's Thyroiditis, and Thyroid Functions: A Retrospective Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Vitamin D exerts endogenous control over TiScience · 2025Article
- The development of thyroid autoimmunity is potentially associated with the deficiency of vitamin D3 rather than vitamin D2 in euthyroid men.Thyroid research · 2025Article
- Emerging epidemiological trends of multiple sclerosis among adults aged 20-54 years, 1990-2021, with projections to 2035: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Passive physical barrier modulates UVB-induced METosis-related MPO expression and activity, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1alpha-hydroxylase, and the shift of tissue-resident macrophages toward M1-associated iNOS.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- Pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-21 correlates with the reactive oxygen species and 25-hydroxy vitamin D in rheumatoid arthritis patients.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
- Vitamin D add on the standard treatment for myasthenia gravis symptoms following total gastrectomy: a case report.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Low Vitamin K Status in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris: A Pilot Study.Biomedicines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vitamin D has well-documented effects on calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism but recent studies suggest a much broader role for this secosteroid in human health. Key components of the vitamin D system, notably the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the vitamin D-activating enzyme (1α-hydroxylase), are present in a wide array of tissues, notably macrophages, dendritic cells and T lymphocytes (T cells) from the immune system. Thus, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) can be converted to hormonal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) within immune cells, and then interact with VDR and promote transcriptional and epigenomic responses in the same or neighbouring cells. These intracrine and paracrine effects of 1,25D have been shown to drive antibacterial or antiviral innate responses, as well as to attenuate inflammatory T cell adaptive immunity. Beyond these mechanistic observations, association studies have reported the correlation between low serum 25D levels and the risk and severity of human immune disorders including autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. The proposed explanation for this is that decreased availability of 25D compromises immune cell synthesis of 1,25D leading to impaired innate immunity and over-exuberant inflammatory adaptive immunity. The aim of the current review is to explore the mechanistic basis for immunomodulatory effects of 25D and 1,25D in greater detail with specific emphasis on how vitamin D-deficiency (low serum levels of 25D) may lead to dysregulation of macrophage, dendritic cell and T cell function and increase the risk of inflammatory autoimmune disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.