ArticleDrug testing and analysis2022
Genetic individual identification from dried urine spots: A complementary tool to drug monitoring and anti-doping testing.
Article in Drug testing and analysis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Evolution of Precision Anti-Doping From UGT2B17 Polymorphism Insights to Integrated Detection Frameworks.Drug testing and analysis · 2026Review
- Dried Matrix Spots for the Determination of Opiates and Opioids: Methodological Advances and Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Advances in testing for sample manipulation in clinical and forensic toxicology - Part A: urine samples.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023Review
- Genetic individual identification from dried urine spots: A complementary tool to drug monitoring and anti-doping testing.Drug testing and analysis · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The collection of liquid biological matrices onto paper cards (dried matrix spots [DMS]) is becoming an alternative sampling strategy. The stability over time of molecules of interest for therapeutic, sport drug monitoring, and forensic toxicology on DMS has been recently investigated representing a reliable alternative to conventional analytical techniques. When a tampering of a urine sample in drug monitoring or doping control cases is suspected, it could be relevant to know whether genetic profiles useful for individual identification could be generated from urine samples spotted onto paper (dried urine spot [DUS]). To understand the influence of sex, storage conditions, and time on the quality and quantity of the DNA, five female and ten male urine samples were dispensed onto Whatman 903 paper and sampled after different storage conditions over time, from 1 to 12 weeks. Direct PCR was performed starting from 2-mm punches collected from each spot amplifying a panel of markers useful for individual identification. The female DUS stored in different conditions produced genetic profiles fully matching the reference samples. The same result was obtained for the male DUS but using urine 30X concentrated by centrifugation instead of the original samples. Our data show that this approach is valid for genetic individual identification of urine samples spotted onto paper cards up to 12 weeks after deposition and could be easily incorporated in anti-doping or drug screening protocols to help on the suspicion of evidence tampering or to solve questions on the reliability of samples collection.
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