ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2022
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Intrauterine Contraception and Tubal Ligation.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Real World Effectiveness and Safety of Hysteroscopic (Essure®) Compared to Laparoscopic Sterilization
Disseminating PCOR Findings to Reduce Racial Disparities in Surgical Sterilization
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increasing Access to Immediate Postpartum Long-Acting Reversible Contraception on Pregnancy and Contraceptive Outcomes in Patients Seeking Permanent Contraception Postpartum.The Permanente journal · 2026Article
- A few minutes of surgery for a lifetime of regret?-regret after vasectomy: prevalence and contributing factors.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of adverse outcomes following clinical pregnancy after laparoscopic tubal anastomosis.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- The Impact of Intrauterine Devices on the Risk of Ureaplasma Species Overgrowth: A Review of the Literature.Cureus · 2025Review
- How theJournal of women's health (2002) · 2025Article
- Delayed diagnosis of concurrent intrauterine and intraperitoneal intrauterine devices following assumed expulsion: A case report.International journal of surgery case reports · 2025Article
- Strategies to promote contraception use by female volunteers in Alzheimer's Prevention Initiative Autosomal-Dominant Alzheimer's Disease (API ADAD) Colombia trial.Clinical trials (London, England) · 2025Article
- Descriptive study of the real-world, long-term cost estimates and duration of use for hormonal and nonhormonal intrauterine devices using US commercial insurance claims.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2023Article
- The role of legal medicine professionals in preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections among female victims of sexual assault.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2023Review
- Reproductive justice in post-Roe America: Impact of restricted abortion access on patients seeking permanent contraception.Contraception · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTubal ligation remains common in the USA, especially among low-income patients.
objectiveTo compare the effectiveness and safety of intrauterine contraceptives (IUC) to laparoscopic tubal ligation for Medicaid clients.
designWe partnered with patient and clinician stakeholders to conduct a retrospective cohort study using California Medicaid claims for patients who had an IUC placed or laparoscopic tubal ligation performed in 2008-2014, excluding procedures performed within 42 days of a birth. We applied log-linear (Poisson) event-history regression models for clustered person-period data to adjust for sociodemographic variables and pre-procedure health status when examining associations between these contraceptive procedures and claims related to contraceptive failure, complications, and pain in the first year post-procedure. KEY
resultsWe identified 35,705 patients who had a levonorgestrel IUC placed, 23,628 patients who had a copper IUC placed, and 23,965 patients who underwent laparoscopic tubal ligation. In unadjusted analyses, rates of pregnancy within 1 year were similar following levonorgestrel IUC (2.40%) or copper IUC placement (2.99%) or tubal ligation (2.64%). In adjusted analyses, compared to tubal ligation, pregnancy was less common following placement of a levonorgestrel IUC (adj IRR 0.72, 95% CI 0.64-0.82) and similar with placement of a copper IUC (adj IRR 0.92, 95% CI 0.82-1.05). Procedural complications such as infection (0.35% vs. 2.91%) were significantly less common with IUC placement than tubal ligation. Claims for pelvic and abdominal pain decreased in frequency with time since all procedures; 6 to 12 months post-procedure, pelvic pain claims were less common after levonorgestrel IUC (adj IRR 0.69, 95% CI 0.65-0.73) or copper IUC placement (adj IRR 0.70, 95% CI 0.66-0.75) than tubal ligation.
conclusionsIUC appears at least as effective as laparoscopic tubal ligation at 1-year post-procedure with lower rates of infection and pelvic pain 6 to 12 months post-procedure. CLINICAL
trial registrationNCT03438682.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.