ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2022
Pre-adolescent children exhibit lower aerosol particle volume emissions than adults for breathing, speaking, singing and shouting.
Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Host factors associated with respiratory particle emission and virus presence within respiratory particles: a systematic review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative assessment of airborne infection risk tools in enclosed spaces: Implications for disease control.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2025Article
- Whispers in the Wind: Face Mask Sampling for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Detection in Children With Pulmonary Tuberculosis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Estimated relative potential for airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a day care centre.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Respiratory particle emission rates from children during speaking.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The Influence of Ventilation Measures on the Airborne Risk of Infection in Schools: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- New dose-response model and SARS-CoV-2 quanta emission rates for calculating the long-range airborne infection risk.Building and environment · 2023Article
- Pre-adolescent children exhibit lower aerosol particle volume emissions than adults for breathing, speaking, singing and shouting.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2022Article
- In-person school reopening and the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the second wave in Spain.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Speaking and singing are activities linked to increased aerosol particle emissions from the respiratory system, dependent on the utilized vocal intensity. As a result, these activities have experienced considerable restrictions in enclosed spaces since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic due to the risk of infection from the SARS-CoV-2 virus, transmitted by virus-carrying aerosols. These constraints have affected public education and extracurricular activities for children as well, from in-person music instruction to children's choirs. However, existing risk assessments for children have been based on emission measurements of adults. To address this, we measured the particle emission rates of 15 pre-adolescent children, all eight to ten years old, with a laser particle counter for the test conditions: breathing at rest, speaking, singing and shouting. Compared with values taken from 15 adults, emission rates for breathing, speaking and singing were significantly lower for children. Particle emission rates were reduced by a factor of 4.3 across all conditions, whereas emitted particle volume rates were reduced by a factor of 4.8. These data can supplement SARS-CoV-2 risk management scenarios for various school and extracurricular settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.