SynthesisJournal of clinical epidemiology2022
Acquired HIV drug resistance mutations on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa: Systematic review and Bayesian evidence synthesis.
Synthesis in Journal of clinical epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Mozambique: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Viruses · 2024Pooled it
- Current ART, determinants for virologic failure and implications for HIV drug resistance: an umbrella review.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence and factors associated with drug resistance mutations among HIV - 1 patients failing to achieve virological suppression on second line treatment in Tanzania.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- HIV treatment failure in tertiary care: clinical epidemiology and preliminary mechanistic characterisation.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Structural biology of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase allosteric inhibitors for drug design.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- HIV-1 genetic diversity and reverse transcriptase resistance mutations in Benin before dolutegravir era, West Africa.PloS one · 2026Article
- The effect of long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine treatment on drug resistance in South Africa: a modelling study.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Article
- Identifying care gaps along the HIV treatment failure cascade: A multistate analysis of viral load monitoring, re-suppression, and regimen switches in Zambia.PLoS medicine · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Vpu interacts with RBM10 to promote HIV-1 infection.mSystems · 2025Article
- HIV-1 drug resistance and genetic clustering among ART-treated individuals with virologic failure in Aksu, China.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Treatment Management Challenges in Naïve and Experienced HIV-1-Infected Individuals Carrying the M184V Mutation.Viruses · 2024Review
- Development of Anti-HIV Therapeutics: From Conventional Drug Discovery to Cutting-Edge Technology.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Phenomenon of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in the Context of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment: Dynamic and Ever Evolving Subject Matter.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- A National HIV Provider Survey of Antiretroviral Therapy Preferences for Management of Treatment-Naive and Experienced Individuals With Drug Resistance.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Roadmap for Achieving Universal Antiretroviral Treatment.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the prevalence of NRTI and NNRTI drug resistance mutations in patients failing NNRTI-based ART in Southern Africa. STUDY
designWe conducted a systematic review to identify studies reporting drug resistance mutations among adult people living with HIV (PLWH) who experienced virological failure on first-line NNRTI-based ART in Southern Africa. We used a Bayesian hierarchical meta-regression model to synthesize the evidence on the frequency of eight NRTI- and seven NNRTI-DRMs across different ART regimens, accounting for ART duration and study characteristics.
resultsWe included 19 study populations, including 2,690 PLWH. Patients failing first-line ART including emtricitabine or lamivudine showed high levels of the M184V/I mutation after 2 years: 75.7% (95% Credibility Interval [CrI] 61.9%-88.9%) if combined with tenofovir, and 72.1% (95% CrI 56.8%-85.9%) with zidovudine. With tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, the prevalence of the K65R mutation was 52.0% (95% CrI 32.5%-76.8%) at 2 years. On efavirenz, K103 was the most prevalent NNRTI resistance mutation (57.2%, 95% CrI 40.9%-80.1%), followed by V106 (46.8%, 95% CrI 31.3%-70.4%).
conclusionsNRTI/NNRTI drug resistance mutations are common in patients failing first-line ART in Southern Africa. These patients might switch to dolutegravir-based regimen with compromised NRTIs, which could impair the long-term efficacy of ART.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.