ArticleJournal of athletic training2022
Avenues for Sport-Related Concussion Prevention in High School Football: Effect of Limiting Collision Practices.
Article in Journal of athletic training, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevention strategies and modifiable risk factors for concussion: a systematic review and meta-analysis for the Female, woman and girl/or Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus.British journal of sports medicine · 2025Pooled it
- An initial assessment of an opinion leader-informed intervention to improve concussion-related outcomes among middle school parents: a randomized controlled trial.Annals of medicine · 2024Trial
- Position-Specific Kinanthropometric Traits of Professional American Football Players: A Study of Mexican LFA Players.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- Sport-Related Concussions in High School Athletes: A Comprehensive Update.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Protocol for COACH, an evidence-based intervention for improved head impact safety in youth American football developed using a community-engaged approach.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2024Article
- Publicly available data sources in sport-related concussion research: a caution for missing data.Injury epidemiology · 2024Article
- Factors That May Influence Americans' Views on When Children Should Start Playing Tackle Football.Journal of athletic training · 2024Article
- The National Football League Concussion Protocol: A Review.HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
contextFootball continues to demonstrate the highest rate of sport-related concussion (SRC) in high school athletics. To mitigate the SRC risk, the Michigan High School Athletic Association (MHSAA) implemented rules aimed at reducing the number of collisions occurring in practices.
objectiveTo estimate the rates of SRC in MHSAA football programs and evaluate progressive limitations to collision practices over 5 consecutive seasons.
designRetrospective cohort study.
settingMichigan high school football. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsHigh school (9th-12th grade) football athletes (>99% male) participating in MHSAA-sanctioned events. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Designated administrators at each school recorded the total number of participating athletes and SRCs (defined as head injuries resulting from athletic participation that required the student-athletes to be withheld from activity after exhibiting signs, symptoms, or behaviors consistent with an SRC) in the MHSAA injury-surveillance system each season (2015-2016 through 2019-2020). Progressive limitations to collision practices occurred across the study period. We estimated athlete-exposures (AEs) as the total number of players multiplied by the total number of possible practices (11 weeks, 4 days each) or competitions (9 weeks, 1 day each) during each season. Incidence rates and rate ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were used to compare practice and competition SRCs and each season with the most recent season.
resultsA total of 7755 football SRCs were diagnosed across the 5-year period. The overall SRC rate was 8.03 per 10 000 AEs (95% CI = 7.85, 8.21). The competition SRC rate (30.13/10 000 AEs) was higher than the practice rate (3.51/10 000 AEs; RR = 8.58; 95% CI = 8.19, 9.00). The practice SRC rate was lower in 2017-2018 (RR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.77, 0.97), 2018-2019 (RR = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.79, 1.0), and 2019-2020 (RR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.74, 0.94) relative to 2015-2016.
conclusionsWe found that the progressive limitations to collision practices were protective against SRCs, as the rate of SRC was lower in the 3 most recent seasons relative to 2015-2016.
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