ArticleMedical physics2022
Technical note: Controlling the attenuation of 3D-printed physical phantoms for computed tomography with a single material.
Article in Medical physics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mimicking Tissues in 3D-Printed Radiology Phantoms: Brand, Product, and Color of Printing Filaments Matter!Polymers · 2026Article
- X-Ray Attenuation Properties of Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Materials for Mimicking Tissues in Radiographic Phantoms Measured by CT from 70 to 140 kV: 2025 Update.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- An Enhanced Voxel-by-Voxel Filament Extrusion-Based Method for Realistic Radiological Phantoms: A Breast Phantom Case.Polymers · 2026Article
- Article
- Part-solid pulmonary nodule phantoms with realistic morphology and densities by stereolithography-based 3D-printing: from design to validation.European radiology experimental · 2025Article
- Towards a more realistic anthropomorphic chest phantom using 3D-printed and cork-integrated components.Medical physics · 2025Article
- Article
- Prompt gamma ray activation analysis for determining chemical composition of 3D printing and casting materials used in biomedical applications.Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of this work was to characterize and improve the ability of fused filament fabrication to create anthropomorphic physical phantoms for CT research. Specifically, we sought to develop the ability to create multiple levels of X-ray attenuation with a single material.
methodsCT images of 3D printed cylinders with different infill angles and printing patterns were assessed by comparing their 2D noise power spectra to determine the conditions that produced minimal and uniform noise. A backfilling approach in which additional polymer was extruded into an existing 3D printed background layer was developed to create multiple levels of image contrast.
resultsA print with nine infill angles and a rectilinear infill pattern was found to have the best uniformity, but the printed objects were not as uniform as a commercial phantom. An HU dynamic range of 600 was achieved by changing the infill percentage from 40% to 100%. The backfilling technique enabled control of up to eight levels of contrast within one object across a range of 200 HU, similar to the range of soft tissue. A contrast detail phantom with six levels of contrast and an anthropomorphic liver phantom with four levels of contrast were printed with a single material.
conclusionThis work improves the uniformity and levels of contrast that can be achieved with fused filament fabrication, thereby enabling researchers to easily create more detailed physical phantoms, including realistic, anthropomorphic textures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.