Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35190896›Full record

ReviewEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2022

The classification of scoliosis braces developed by SOSORT with SRS, ISPO, and POSNA and approved by ESPRM.

Stefano Negrini, Angelo Gabriele Aulisa, Pavel Cerny, Jean Claude de Mauroy, Jeb McAviney, Andrew Mills, Sabrina Donzelli, Theodoros B Grivas, M Timothy Hresko, Tomasz Kotwicki and 23 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · hybridAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
12.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Geographic, personal and clinical determinants of brace-wearing time in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Does apical vertebra location influence the final outcome of bracing for idiopathic scoliosis?European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2026
    Observational
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Wearing a brace for idiopathic scoliosis above 18 hrs/day shows a dose-response effect on the outcomes improvement and end-of-treatment Cobb angle below 30 degrees.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Observational
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. The effect of Providence night-time bracing on the sagittal profile in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

33 authors at 20 institutions in 10 countries.

Stefano NegriniDepartment of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University "La Statale", Milan, Italy. Stefano.negrini@unimi.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1878-2747
Angelo Gabriele AulisaIRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Pavel CernyWest Bohemia University, Pilsen, Czechia.
Jean Claude de MauroyIndependent Researcher, Lyon, France.
Jeb McAvineyScoliCare, Kogarah, NSW, Australia.
Andrew MillsSheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
Sabrina DonzelliISICO (Italian Scientific Spine Institute), Milan, Italy.
Theodoros B GrivasDepartment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, "Tzaneio" General Hospital of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece.
M Timothy HreskoBoston Children Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Tomasz KotwickiSpine Disorders and Pediatric Orthopedics Department, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Hubert LabelleDivision of Orthopedics, University of Montreal, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Louise MarcotteOrthoChiro, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Martin MatthewsDM Orthotics Ltd, Redruth, UK.
Joe O'BrienSOSORT, Boston, MA, USA.
Eric C ParentDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Nigel PriceChildren's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA.
Rigo ManuelRigo Quera Salvá, SLP Vía Augusta 185, 08021, Barcelona, Spain.
Luke StikeleatherNational Scoliosis Center, Fairfax, VA, USA.
Michael G VitaleDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Man Sang WongDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
Grant WoodAlign Clinic, LLC and Align Technologies, LLC, San Mateo, CA, USA.
James WynneBoston Orthotics and Prosthetics, Boston, MA, USA.
Fabio ZainaISICO (Italian Scientific Spine Institute), Milan, Italy.
Marco Brayda BrunoIRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
Suncica Bulat WürschingKuća Zdravlja D.O.O, Poljička 31, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Caglar YilgorDepartment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Patrick CahillDivision of Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Eugenio DemaScoliosis and Spinal Disease Center, Hesperia Hospital GHC SPA, Modena, Italy.
Patrick KnottRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA.
Andrea LebelScoliosis Physiotherapy and Posture Centre Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Grigorii LeinH. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children's Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
Peter O NewtonRady Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Brian G SmithTexas Children's Hospital, Professor of Orthopaedics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Istituto Scientifico Italiano Colonna Vertebrale · ITAlign Technology (United States) · USBambino Gesù Children's Hospital · ITBaylor College of Medicine · USBoston Children's Hospital · USCanadian Physiotherapy Association · CACentre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine · CAChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia · USChildren's Mercy Hospital · USColumbia University Irving Medical Center · USHesperia Hospital · ITHong Kong Polytechnic University · HKIstituto Ortopedico Galeazzi · ITKent Hastanesi · TRPoznan University of Medical Sciences · PLRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science · USSheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust · GBThe Turner Scientific Research Institute for Children's Orthopedics · RUTzaneion General Hospital · GRUniversity of Alberta · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeStudies have shown that bracing is an effective treatment for patients with idiopathic scoliosis. According to the current classification, almost all braces fall in the thoracolumbosacral orthosis (TLSO) category. Consequently, the generalization of scientific results is either impossible or misleading. This study aims to produce a classification of the brace types.

methodsFour scientific societies (SOSORT, SRS, ISPO, and POSNA) invited all their members to be part of the study. Six level 1 experts developed the initial classifications. At a consensus meeting with 26 other experts and societies' officials, thematic analysis and general discussion allowed to define the classification (minimum 80% agreement). The classification was applied to the braces published in the literature and officially approved by the 4 scientific societies and by ESPRM.

resultsThe classification is based on the following classificatory items: anatomy (CTLSO, TLSO, LSO), rigidity (very rigid, rigid, elastic), primary corrective plane (frontal, sagittal, transverse, frontal & sagittal, frontal & transverse, sagittal & transverse, three-dimensional), construction-valves (monocot, bivalve, multisegmented), construction-closure (dorsal, lateral, ventral), and primary action (bending, detorsion, elongation, movement, push-up, three points). The experts developed a definition for each item and were able to classify the 15 published braces into nine groups.

conclusionThe classification is based on the best current expertise (the lowest level of evidence). Experts recognize that this is the first edition and will change with future understanding and research. The broad application of this classification could have value for brace research, education, clinical practice, and growth in this field.

Indexed as

BracesScoliosisConsensusHumansOrthotic DevicesTreatment OutcomeBraceClassificationIdiopathic scoliosis

Identifiers

PMID35190896
OpenAlexW4213107119

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.