ArticleJournal of neurology2022
Neuron Specific Enolase, S100-beta protein and progranulin as diagnostic biomarkers of status epilepticus.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuron-Specific Enolase as a Biomarker for Selected Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders-A Systematic Review of the Literature.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Fluid Biomarkers of Neuro-Glial Injury in Human Status Epilepticus: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Esketamine Combined with Dexmedetomidine on Early Postoperative Cognitive Function in Elderly Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spinal Surgery: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Extracellular vesicle proteomics identifies novel blood biomarkers for the early diagnosis of status epilepticus.Epilepsia · 2026Observational
- The Role of GDNF and NSE in Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: The Relationship with Sleep and Eating.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Pathophysiology of Status Epilepticus Revisited.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- CSF Tau Is a Biomarker of Hippocampal Injury in Cryptogenic New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- ICU 'Magic Numbers': The Role of Biomarkers in Supporting Clinical Decision-Making.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Circulating microRNAs as Biomarkers of Various Forms of Epilepsy.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Brain injury biomarkers and applications in neurological diseases.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
- Uridine treatment protects against blood-brain barrier disruption in a rat model of Li-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Hypoalbuminemia in status epilepticus is a biomarker of short- and long-term mortality: A 9-year cohort study.European journal of neurology · 2025Observational
- The efficacy of controlled stepped intracranial decompression surgery in patients with craniocerebral injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Higher plasma neurofilament-light chain concentration in drug-resistant epilepsy.Brain communications · 2025Article
- A Mutual Nexus Between Epilepsy and α-Synuclein: A Puzzle Pathway.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- A Review of Biomarkers of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Pathophysiologic Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Psychological Stress Analysis to Evaluate the Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Mood Regulation and Quality of Life in Patients with Bipolar Disorder.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2024Article
- The Possible Role of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in Epilepsy.Neurochemical research · 2024Review
- Impact of frailty, biomarkers and basic biochemical parameters on outcomes of comatose patients in status epilepticus: a single-center prospective pilot study.BMC neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is a life-threatening prolonged epileptic seizure. A rapid diagnosis is fundamental to initiate antiepileptic treatment and to prevent the development of neurological sequels. Several serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have been proposed to help in the diagnosis of SE. Nevertheless, previous studies were conducted on too small patient cohorts, precluding the utilization of interesting biomarkers for the SE diagnosis. Here, we aimed to assess the ability of Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE), S100-beta protein (S100B) and progranulin to help in the diagnosis of SE in a large cohort of patients (36 control patients, 56 patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy and 82 SE patients). Blood NSE, S100B and progranulin levels were higher in SE patients when compared with control patients or patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Both NSE and progranulin levels were higher in cerebrospinal fluid from SE patients when compared with control patients. The receiver-operating characteristics curves revealed good accuracy at detecting SE for serum S100B (AUC 0.748) and plasma progranulin (AUC 0.756). The performances were lower for serum NSE (AUC 0.624). Eighty-four percent of patients with serum S100B levels above 0.09 ng/mL presented with a SE, whereas 90% of patients without SE had serum S100B levels lower than 0.09 ng/mL. Serum S100B levels were not significantly different according to SE etiology, SE semiology or SE refractoriness. Our results confirm that NSE, S100B and progranulin levels are increased after SE. We suggest that serum S100B levels might be added to clinical evaluation and electroencephalogram to identify difficult-to-diagnose form of SE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.