Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35189825›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2022

Prevalence of HIV infection among non-elderly individuals with hepatitis C in Japan: a population-based cohort study using a health insurance claim data.

Kazuhiko Ikeuchi, Kazuya Okushin, Makoto Saito, Eisuke Adachi, Takeya Tsutsumi, Tomoyuki Takura, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kazuhiko IkeuchiDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
Kazuya OkushinDepartment of Infection Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. kazuyaoxin@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Makoto SaitoDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
Eisuke AdachiDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
Takeya TsutsumiDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
Tomoyuki TakuraDepartment of Healthcare Economics and Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
Hiroshi YotsuyanagiDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
The University of Tokyo · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) has been mainly transmitted through injection drug use, but recently, sexual transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM), which is also a major route of HIV transmission, is increasing. However, the prevalence of HIV and the incidence of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among HCV patients have been rarely reported.

methodsUsing a healthcare insurance claim data of employees and their dependents covering seven-million people in Japan, we evaluated HIV prevalence among HCV patients aged 20-59 years. Hemophilia patients were excluded. HIV and HCV were defined by registered diagnoses and receiving viral RNA testing. The time course of HCV and HIV infections was analyzed. Incidences of syphilis, amebiasis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B were assessed.

resultsFrom April 2012 to August 2018, 6,422 HCV patients were identified. HIV prevalence was 0.48% (31/6422, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.33-0.68%). HIV was diagnosed after HCV in 3.2% (1/31), before HCV in 58.1% (18/31), and concurrently in 38.7% (12/31). Compared with HCV patients without HIV infection, HCV/HIV co-infected patients were younger (median age, 37 vs 51 years, p < 0.001), more likely to be male (30/31 [96.8%] vs 3059/6391 [47.9%], p < 0.001), more likely to have other STIs (38.7% [12/31] vs 0.9% [56/6391], p < 0.001), and live in Tokyo, the most populous capital city in Japan (67.7% [21/31] vs 11.6% [742/6391], p < 0.001). In Tokyo, the HIV prevalence among 20-30 s male with HCV was 18.6% (13/70; 95% CI, 10.3-29.7%).

conclusionsHIV prevalence among young male HCV patients was very high in Tokyo. HCV/HIV co-infected patients were more likely to acquire HIV before HCV, which is a known feature of MSM. They also had a higher incidence of STIs. These findings suggest that HCV might be prevalent as an STI among MSM particularly in Tokyo.

Indexed as

Hepatitis CHIV InfectionsSexual and Gender MinoritiesSexually Transmitted DiseasesAdultCohort StudiesFemaleHepacivirusHomosexuality, MaleHumansInsurance, HealthJapanMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceYoung AdultHepatitis C virus (HCV)HIVInjection drug user (IDU)Men who have sex with Men (MSM)Sexually transmitted infection (STI)

Identifiers

PMID35189825
PMCPMC8862380
OpenAlexW4212793297

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.