ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2022
Sexual Violence and Risk of Hypertension in Women in the Nurses' Health Study II: A 7-Year Prospective Analysis.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender-based violence and harassment at work and health and occupational outcomes. A systematic review of prospective studies.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Change in workplace violence against female healthcare workers in a tertiary hospital in Henan Province, China: a four-wave cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Blood Pressure Control and Maintenance in U.S. Veterans: Roles of Sex, Race, Ethnicity, and Deprivation.JACC. Advances · 2025Article
- Lifetime Exposure to Violence and Early Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in a Healthy Swedish Cohort.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Article
- Intimate partner violence and cognitive functioning - toward quantifying dementia risk.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Trauma and its implications for women's cardiovascular health during the menopause transition: Lessons from MsHeart/MsBrain and SWAN studies.Maturitas · 2024Review
- Sleeping Difficulties, Sleep Duration, and Risk of Hypertension in Women.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2023Article
- Vascular function in hypertension: does gender dimension matter?Journal of human hypertension · 2023Review
- Prevalence, Correlates, and Sequelae of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) among Indigenous Canadians: Intersections of Ethnicity, Gender, and Socioeconomic Status.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Sexual harassment as experienced by nurses from selected healthcare facilities in Ghana.BMC nursing · 2023Article
- Prospective Association of Circulating Adipokines with Cardiometabolic Risk Profile Among Women: The Rape Impact Cohort Evaluation Study.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background Hypertension is a prevalent condition in women and an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite women's experiences of sexual violence being common, no prospective studies have examined lifetime sexual assault and workplace sexual harassment in relationship to hypertension in large civilian samples with extended follow-up. Here, we examined whether these experiences were prospectively associated with greater risk of developing hypertension over 7 years. Methods and Results Data are from a substudy of the Nurses' Health Study II and include women free of hypertension at the time of sexual assault and workplace sexual harassment assessment in 2008 (n=33 127). Hypertension was defined as self-reported doctor diagnosis or initiating antihypertensive medication use, assessed biennially through 2015. We performed Cox proportional hazards regression models to predict time to developing hypertension associated with sexual violence exposure, adjusting for relevant covariates. Over follow-up, 7096 women developed hypertension. Sexual assault and workplace sexual harassment were prevalent (23% and 12%, respectively; 6% of women experienced both). Compared with women with no exposure, women who experienced both sexual assault and workplace sexual harassment had the highest risk of developing hypertension (hazard ratio [HR], 1.21; 95% CI, 1.09-1.35), followed by women who experienced workplace sexual harassment (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.25) and then by women who experienced sexual assault (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03-1.19), after adjusting for relevant covariates. Conclusions Sexual assault and workplace sexual harassment are prospectively associated with greater risk of hypertension. Reducing such violence is important in its own right and may also improve women's cardiovascular health.
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